Ozone photochemical production in urban Shanghai, China: Analysis based on ground level observations

Ran, Liang; Zhao, Chunsheng; Geng, Feng; Tie, Xuexi; Tang, Xiangru; P, Li; Zhou, Guangqiang; Yu, Qian; Xu, Jing; Guenther, Alex

doi:10.1029/2008jd010752

Cited by 176 publications

(129 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…In both episodes, the isopleths diagrams clearly indicate that O 3 formation in the city is in a VOC-sensitive (or NO xsaturated) regime where O 3 increases with decreasing NO x but decreases with decreasing VOC. Many studies also reported this regime over different cities (especially their central parts) (Milford et al, 1989;Sillman, 1999, and references therein; Kim Oanh and Zhang, 2004;PCD, 2001;Ran et al, 2009;Torres-Jardon and Keener, 2006). Sillman (1999) pointed to a simple rule to suggest the underlying regime of O 3 formation is to consider morning VOC/NO x ratios, <10 as VOC sensitive and >20 as NO x sensitive.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although it accounts for many chemical and physical processes in the lower atmosphere, its physical representation is simplified and limited, and only gasphase chemistry associated with O 3 is included. OZIPR has been used as a tool to study O 3 , generally at a city scale, for example, in Jiang et al (1997); Tonnesen (1999); Tang et al (2008) ;Milt et al (2009);Ran et al (2009), andOrlando et al (2010). Two basic modes of simulation available by the model are (1) moving trajectory and (2) city-wide (i.e., stationary box).…”

Section: Photochemical Box Model and Simulation Setupmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is harmful and may have adverse effects on human health and also on plants (Colls, 2002). O 3 pollution has been studied for cities around the world, for example, in Milford et al (1989); Molina and Molina (2004); Torres-Jardon and Keener (2006); Tang et al (2008); Ran et al (2009), andOrlando et al (2010). In Thailand, several cities have experienced high O 3 levels (PCD, 2010), and the Pollution Control Department (PCD), Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment, has regulated O 3 as a criteria pollutant since 1995.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ozone and its potential control strategy for Chon Buri city, Thailand

Prabamroong

Manomaiphiboon

Limpaseni

et al. 2012

Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association

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This work studies O 3 pollution for Chon Buri city in the eastern region of Thailand, where O 3 has become an increased and serious concern in the last decade. It includes emission estimation and photochemical box modeling in support of investigating the underlying nature of O 3 formation over the city and the roles of precursors emitted from sources. The year 2006 was considered and two single-day episodes (January 29 and February 14) were chosen for simulations. It was found that, in the city, the industrial sector is the largest emissions contributor for every O 3 precursor (i.e., NO x , non-methane volatile organic compounds or NMVOC, and CO), followed by on-road mobile group. Fugitive NMVOC is relatively large, emitted mainly from oil refineries and tank farms. Simulated results acceptably agree with observations for daily maximum O 3 level in both episodes and evidently indicate the VOCsensitive regime for O 3 formation. This regime is also substantiated by morning NMVOC/NO x ratios observed in the city. The corresponding O 3 isopleth diagrams suggest NMVOC control alone to lower elevated O 3 . In seeking a potential O 3 control strategy for the city, a combination of brute-force sensitivity tests, an experimental design, statistical modeling, and cost optimization was employed. A number of emission subgroups were found to significantly contribute to O 3 formation, based on the February 14 episode, for example, oil refinery (fugitive), tank farm (fugitive), passenger car (gasoline), and motorcycle (gasoline). But the costeffective strategy suggests control only on the first two subgroups to meet the standard. The cost of implementing the strategy was estimated and found to be small (only 0.2%) compared to the gross provincial product generated by the entire province where the city is located within. These findings could be useful as a needed guideline to support O 3 management for the city.Implications: Elevated O 3 in the urban and industrial city of Chon Buri needs better understanding of the problem and technical guidelines for its management. With a city-specific emission inventory and air quality modeling, O 3 formation was found to be VOC sensitive, and a cost-effective control strategy developed highlights fugitive emissions from the industrial sector to be controlled.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Photochemical Box Model and Simulation Setupmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ozone and its potential control strategy for Chon Buri city, Thailand

Prabamroong

Manomaiphiboon

Limpaseni

et al. 2012

Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association

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“…In the period 2005-2012 the greatest number of measurements of O 3 and NO x ranged from 0 to 40 µg · m -3 , which was different than Nidzgorska-Lencewicz [35] showed for Szczecin, Poland. A large variation in tropospheric O 3 , a secondary pollutant, is associated mainly with the differences in weather conditions in Poland in consecutive years and the content of ozone precursors, eg nitrogen oxides [1,7].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ozone Concentration at Ground Level Depending on the Content of NO_x and Meteorological Conditions

Kalbarczyk

Niedźwiecka-Filipiak

et al. 2015

Ecological Chemistry and Engineering S

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This study analyzed the temporal variation of tropospheric ozone (O3) in Poznan (midwestern Poland) on the basis of data collected from a State Environmental Monitoring air quality assessment station. The aim was to investigate the distribution and variation of O3 levels and to assess the relationship with nitrogen oxides (NOx) and meteorological conditions. These relationships were assessed by multiple regression analysis and cluster analysis. The O3 levels showed a high annual, seasonal and daily volatility, and were significantly influenced by meteorological conditions and NOx levels. High O3 levels were accompanied by above-average levels of radiation (Rad), air temperature (Ta) and wind speed (Ws), together with below-average values of NOx and humidity (Rh). Atmospheric pressure (Ph) had an ambiguous effect on O3 levels.

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“…As key precursors of the O3 formation (Fujita, 2001;Geng et al, 2008;Ran et al, 2009;Lyu et al, 2016), VOCs also exhibit detrimental effects on human 5 health (Colman Lerner et al, 2012;He et al, 2015) and air quality.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

One year monitoring of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from an oil-gas station in northwest China

Zheng

Kong

Xing

et al. 2017

Preprint

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Abstract. Oil and natural gas are important energy supply around the world. The exploring, drilling, transportation, and processing in oil-gas regions can release abundant volatile organic compounds (VOCs). To understand the atmospheric behaviors of VOCs in such region, the fifty-six VOCs designed as the photochemical precursors by the United State 15Environmental Protection Agency were continuously measured for an entire year (September 2014-August 2015) by a set of on-line monitor system at an oil-gas station in northwest China. The VOC concentrations in this study were 1-50 times higher than those measured in many other urban and industrial regions. The VOC compositions were also different from other studies with alkanes contributing up to 87.5% of the total VOCs in this study. According to the propylene-equivalent concentration and maximum incremental reactivity method, alkanes were identified as the most important VOC groups to the ozone 20 formation potential. The photochemical reaction, meteorological parameters (temperature, relative humidity, pressure, and wind speed) and boundary layer height were found to influence the temporal variations of VOCs at different time scales. The positive matrix factorization analysis showed that the natural gas, fuel evaporation, combustion sources, oil refining process, and asphalt contributed 62.6%, 21.5%, 10.9%, 3.8%, and 1.3%, respectively to the total VOCs on the annual average. Clear temporal variations differed from one source to another was observed, due to their differences in source emission strength and 25 the influence of meteorological parameters. Potential source contribution function and contribution weighted trajectory models based on backward trajectories indicated that five identified sources had similar geographic origins. Raster analysis based on CWT analysis indicated that the local emissions contributed 48.4%-74.6% to the VOCs. This research filled the gaps in understanding the VOCs in the oil-gas field region, where exhibited different source emission behaviors compared with the urban/industrial regions. 30

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Ozone photochemical production in urban Shanghai, China: Analysis based on ground level observations

Cited by 176 publications

References 58 publications

Ozone and its potential control strategy for Chon Buri city, Thailand

Ozone and its potential control strategy for Chon Buri city, Thailand

Ozone Concentration at Ground Level Depending on the Content of NO_x and Meteorological Conditions

One year monitoring of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from an oil-gas station in northwest China

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Ozone photochemical production in urban Shanghai, China: Analysis based on ground level observations

Cited by 176 publications

References 58 publications

Ozone and its potential control strategy for Chon Buri city, Thailand

Ozone and its potential control strategy for Chon Buri city, Thailand

Ozone Concentration at Ground Level Depending on the Content of NOx and Meteorological Conditions

One year monitoring of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from an oil-gas station in northwest China

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Ozone Concentration at Ground Level Depending on the Content of NO_x and Meteorological Conditions