Ozone-induced stomatal sluggishness changes carbon and water balance of temperate deciduous forests

Hoshika, Yasutomo; Katata, Genki; Deushi, Makoto; Watanabe, Makoto; Koike, Takao; Paoletti, Elena

doi:10.1038/srep09871

Cited by 95 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…The O 3 stress avoidance may be less efficient in older leaves due to an O 3 ‐induced loss of stomatal control (Hoshika et al, ; Paoletti, ). The loss of stomatal functioning may be explained by the increase of g 0 (Hoshika et al, , ). To test this speculation, we used a simple linear function to examine the relationship between g 0 or g 1 in the photosynthesis‐stomatal model with avoidance of O 3 stress ( k = 3.5 × 10 5 ) and a decrease of A sat of Mediterranean oaks due to elevated O 3 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water use strategy affects avoidance of ozone stress by stomatal closure in Mediterranean trees—A modelling analysis

Hoshika

Fares

Pellegrini

et al. 2020

Plant Cell & Environment

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Both ozone (O3) and drought can limit carbon fixation by forest trees. To cope with drought stress, plants have isohydric or anisohydric water use strategies. Ozone enters plant tissues through stomata. Therefore, stomatal closure can be interpreted as avoidance to O3 stress. Here, we applied an optimization model of stomata involving water, CO2, and O3 flux to test whether isohydric and anisohydric strategies may affect avoidance of O3 stress by stomatal closure in four Mediterranean tree species during drought. The data suggest that stomatal closure represents a response to avoid damage to the photosynthetic mechanisms under elevated O3 depending on plant water use strategy. Under high‐O3 and well‐watered conditions, isohydric species limited O3 fluxes by stomatal closure, whereas anisohydric species activated a tolerance response and did not actively close stomata. Under both O3 and drought stress, however, anisohydric species enhanced the capacity of avoidance by closing stomata to cope with the severe oxidative stress. In the late growing season, regardless of the water use strategy, the efficiency of O3 stress avoidance decreased with leaf ageing. As a result, carbon assimilation rate was decreased by O3 while stomata did not close enough to limit transpirational water losses.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water use strategy affects avoidance of ozone stress by stomatal closure in Mediterranean trees—A modelling analysis

Hoshika

Fares

Pellegrini

et al. 2020

Plant Cell & Environment

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“…In some cases, nitrogen and carbon dioxide as atmospheric pollutants can act as fertilizers, improving tree growth, although effects are highly varied and often transient (4,41,42). At chronically high concentrations, and in combination with climate-change effects, air pollutants can defoliate and weaken trees, reduce forest growth, and contribute to forest mortality (4,43,44). Similarly, many nonnative invasive species-including insects, pathogens, plants, and mammals-interact with heat and drought to impair forest health (32,33).…”

Section: Compound Stressorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temperate forest health in an era of emerging megadisturbance

Millar

Stephenson

2015

Science

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Although disturbances such as fire and native insects can contribute to natural dynamics of forest health, exceptional droughts, directly and in combination with other disturbance factors, are pushing some temperate forests beyond thresholds of sustainability. Interactions from increasing temperatures, drought, native insects and pathogens, and uncharacteristically severe wildfire are resulting in forest mortality beyond the levels of 20th-century experience. Additional anthropogenic stressors, such as atmospheric pollution and invasive species, further weaken trees in some regions. Although continuing climate change will likely drive many areas of temperate forest toward large-scale transformations, management actions can help ease transitions and minimize losses of socially valued ecosystem services.

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“…Hoshika et al (2012b), however found that despite sluggish stomatal control in O 3 -exposed trees, whole tree water use was lower in these trees because of lower gas exchange and premature leaf shedding of injured leaves. To our knowledge, the study of Hoshika et al (2015) is the first to include an explicit representation of sluggish stomatal control in a land-atmosphere model. They show that sluggish stomatal behaviour has implications for carbon and water cycling in ecosystems.…”

Section: Impacts Of O 3 At the Land Surfacementioning

confidence: 99%

Large but decreasing effect of ozone on the European carbon sink

et al. 2018

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Abstract. The capacity of the terrestrial biosphere to sequester carbon and mitigate climate change is governed by the ability of vegetation to remove emissions of CO 2 through photosynthesis. Tropospheric O 3 , a globally abundant and potent greenhouse gas, is, however, known to damage plants, causing reductions in primary productivity. Despite emission control policies across Europe, background concentrations of tropospheric O 3 have risen significantly over the last decades due to hemispheric-scale increases in O 3 and its precursors. Therefore, plants are exposed to increasing background concentrations, at levels currently causing chronic damage. Studying the impact of O 3 on European vegetation at the regional scale is important for gaining greater understanding of the impact of O 3 on the land carbon sink at large spatial scales. In this work we take a regional approach and update the JULES land surface model using new measurements specifically for European vegetation. Given the importance of stomatal conductance in determining the flux of O 3 into plants, we implement an alternative stomatal closure parameterisation and account for diurnal variations in O 3 concentration in our simulations. We conduct our analysis specifically for the European region to quantify the impact of the interactive effects of tropospheric O 3 and CO 2 on gross primary productivity (GPP) and land carbon storage across Europe. A factorial set of model experiments showed that tropospheric O 3 can suppress terrestrial carbon uptake across Europe over the period 1901 to 2050. By 2050, simulated GPP was reduced by 4 to 9 % due to plant O 3 damage and land carbon storage was reduced by 3 to 7 %. The combined physiological effects of elevated future CO 2 (acting to reduce stomatal opening) and reductions in O 3 concentrations resulted in reduced O 3 damage in the future. This alleviation of O 3 damage by CO 2 -induced stomatal closure was around 1 to 2 % for both land carbon and GPP, depending on plant sensitivity to O 3 . Reduced land carbon storage resulted from diminished soil carbon stocks consistent with the reduction in GPP. Regional variations are identified with larger impacts shown for temperate Europe (GPP reduced by 10 to 20 %) compared to boreal regions (GPP reduced by 2 to 8 %). These results highlight that O 3 damage needs to be considered when predicting GPP and land carbon, and that the effects of O 3 on plant physiology need to be considered in regional land carbon cycle assessments.

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Ozone-induced stomatal sluggishness changes carbon and water balance of temperate deciduous forests

Cited by 95 publications

References 30 publications

Water use strategy affects avoidance of ozone stress by stomatal closure in Mediterranean trees—A modelling analysis

Water use strategy affects avoidance of ozone stress by stomatal closure in Mediterranean trees—A modelling analysis

Temperate forest health in an era of emerging megadisturbance

Large but decreasing effect of ozone on the European carbon sink

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