Ozone formation along the California–Mexican border region during Cal–Mex 2010 field campaign

Li, Guohui; Bei, Naifang; Zavala, M.; Molina, Luisa T.

doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2013.11.067

Cited by 17 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…The model cannot produce the observed high peaks of sulfate aerosols around noontime on 8, 11, and 12 July 2015. The sulfate aerosol in the atmosphere is produced from multiple sources, including SO 2 gas-phase oxidations by hydroxyl radicals (OH) and stabilized Criegee intermediates (sCI), aqueous reactions in cloud or fog droplets, and heterogeneous reactions on aerosol surfaces, as well as direct emissions from power plants and industries (Li et al, 2016). The model reproduces reasonably well the observed temporal variations of SOA, nitrate, and ammonium, with IOAs exceeding 0.75.…”

Section: Pollutant Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 70%

Contributions of trans-boundary transport to summertime air quality in Beijing, China

Cao

et al. 2017

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

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Abstract. In the present study, the WRF-CHEM model is used to evaluate the contributions of trans-boundary transport to the air quality in Beijing during a persistent air pollution episode from 5 to 14 July 2015 in Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei (BTH), China. Generally, the predicted temporal variations and spatial distributions of PM2.5 (fine particulate matter), O3 (ozone), and NO2 are in good agreement with observations in BTH. The WRF-CHEM model also reproduces reasonably well the temporal variations of aerosol species compared to measurements in Beijing. The factor separation approach is employed to evaluate the contributions of trans-boundary transport of non-Beijing emissions to the PM2.5 and O3 levels in Beijing. On average, in the afternoon during the simulation episode, the local emissions contribute 22.4 % to the O3 level in Beijing, less than 36.6 % from non-Beijing emissions. The O3 concentrations in Beijing are decreased by 5.1 % in the afternoon due to interactions between local and non-Beijing emissions. The non-Beijing emissions play a dominant role in the PM2.5 level in Beijing, with a contribution of 61.5 %, much higher than 13.7 %, from Beijing local emissions. The emission interactions between local and non-Beijing emissions enhance the PM2.5 concentrations in Beijing, with a contribution of 5.9 %. Therefore, the air quality in Beijing is generally determined by the trans-boundary transport of non-Beijing emissions during summertime, showing that the cooperation with neighboring provinces to mitigate pollutant emissions is key for Beijing to improve air quality.

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Section: Pollutant Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 70%

Contributions of trans-boundary transport to summertime air quality in Beijing, China

Cao

et al. 2017

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

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“…The SAPRC-99 chemical mechanism is used in the present study. The anthropogenic emissions are developed by Zhang et al (2009) and Li et al (2017), including contributions from agriculture, industry, power generation, residential, and transportation sources. The biogenic emissions are calculated online using the MEGAN (Model of Emissions of Gases and Aerosol from Nature) model developed by Guenther et al (2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Widespread and persistent ozone pollution in eastern China during the non-winter season of 2015: observations and source attributions

et al. 2017

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Abstract. Rapid growth of industrialization, transportation, and urbanization has caused increasing emissions of ozone (O3) precursors recently, enhancing the O3 formation in eastern China. We show here that eastern China has experienced widespread and persistent O3 pollution from April to September 2015 based on the O3 observations in 223 cities. The observed maximum 1 h O3 concentrations exceed 200 µg m−3 in almost all the cities, 400 µg m−3 in more than 25 % of the cities, and even 800 µg m−3 in six cities in eastern China. The average daily maximum 1 h O3 concentrations are more than 160 µg m−3 in 45 % of the cities, and the 1 h O3 concentrations of 200 µg m−3 have been exceeded on over 10 % of days from April to September in 129 cities. Analyses of pollutant observations from 2013 to 2015 have shown that the concentrations of CO, SO2, NO2, and PM2.5 from April to September in eastern China have considerably decreased, but the O3 concentrations have increased by 9.9 %. A widespread and severe O3 pollution episode from 22 to 28 May 2015 in eastern China has been simulated using the Weather Research and Forecasting model coupled to chemistry (WRF-CHEM) to evaluate the O3 contribution of biogenic and various anthropogenic sources. The model generally performs reasonably well in simulating the temporal variations and spatial distributions of near-surface O3 concentrations. Using the factor separation approach, sensitivity studies have indicated that the industry source plays the most important role in the O3 formation and constitutes the culprit of the severe O3 pollution in eastern China. The transportation source contributes considerably to the O3 formation, and the O3 contribution of the residential source is not significant generally. The biogenic source provides a background O3 source, and also plays an important role in the south of eastern China. Further model studies are needed to comprehensively investigate O3 formation for supporting the design and implementation of O3 control strategies, considering rapid changes of emission inventories and photolysis caused by the Atmospheric Pollution Prevention and Control Action Plan released by the Chinese State Council in 2013.

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“…The mean bias (MB), root mean square error (RMSE) and the index of agreement (IOA) were utilized to evaluate the performance of the WRF-CHEM model simulations against measurements. To assess the contributions of ALW to the near-surface concentrations of air pollutants in NCP, the factor separation approach (FSA) was used in this study (Stein and Alpert, 1993;Gabusi et al, 2008;Li et al, 2014). Generally, the formation of the secondary atmospheric pollutants, such as O 3 , secondary organic aerosol, and nitrate, is a complicated nonlinear process in which its precursors from various emissions sources and transport react chemically or reach equilibrium thermodynamically.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is water vapor a key player of the wintertime haze in North China Plain?

Wu¹,

Bei²,

Hu³

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Abstract. Water vapor has been proposed to amplify the severe haze pollution in China by enhancing the aerosol-radiation feedback (ARF). Observations have revealed that the near-surface PM2.5 concentrations ([PM2.5]) generally exhibits an increasing trend with relative humidity (RH) in North China Plain (NCP) during 2015 wintertime, indicating that the aerosol liquid water (ALW) caused by hygroscopic growth could play an important role in the PM2.5 formation and accumulation. Simulations during a persistent and heavy haze pollution episode from 05 December 2015 to 04 January 2016 in NCP were conducted using the WRF-CHEM model to comprehensively quantify contributions of the ALW effect to near-surface [PM2.5]. The WRF-CHEM model generally performs reasonably well in simulating the temporal variations of RH against measurements in NCP. The factor separation approach (FSA) was used to evaluate the contribution of the ALW effect on the ARF, photochemistry, and heterogeneous reactions to [PM2.5]. The ALW not only augments particle sizes to enhance aerosol backward scattering, but also increases the effective radius to favor aerosol forward scattering. The contribution of the ALW effect on the ARF and photochemistry to near [PM2.5] is not significant, generally within 1.0&#8201;&#956;g&#8201;m&#8722;3 on average in NCP during the episode. Serving as an excellent substrate for heterogeneous reactions, the ALW substantially enhances the secondary aerosol (SA) formation, with an average contribution of 71&#8201;%, 10&#8201;%, 26&#8201;%, and 48&#8201;% to near-surface sulfate, nitrate, ammonium, and secondary organic aerosol concentrations. Nevertheless, the SA enhancement due to the ALW decreases the aerosol optical depth and increases the effective radius to weaken the ARF, reducing near-surface primary aerosols. The contribution of the ALW total effect to near-surface [PM2.5] is 17.5&#8201;% on average, which is overwhelmingly dominated by enhanced SA. Model sensitivities also show that when the RH is less than 80&#8201;%, the ALW progressively increases near-surface [PM2.5], but commences to decrease when the RH exceeding 80% due to the high occurrence frequencies of precipitation.

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Ozone formation along the California–Mexican border region during Cal–Mex 2010 field campaign

Cited by 17 publications

References 28 publications

Contributions of trans-boundary transport to summertime air quality in Beijing, China

Contributions of trans-boundary transport to summertime air quality in Beijing, China

Widespread and persistent ozone pollution in eastern China during the non-winter season of 2015: observations and source attributions

Is water vapor a key player of the wintertime haze in North China Plain?

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