Ozone effects on wheat grain quality – A summary

Broberg, Malin; Feng, Zhaozhong; Yue, Xin; Pleijel, Håkan

doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2014.12.009

Cited by 94 publications

(71 citation statements)

References 45 publications

(52 reference statements)

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“…A reduction in Cd concentration was also observed for wheat grown under CO 2 enrichment [20] and ozone exposure [41]. Cd is a non-essential element for the plant and the uptake is known to be dependent on transpiration driven mass-flow [42], therefore lower concentrations could be expected since transpiration rates are often reduced under both eCO 2 and high ozone [43].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…In order to only include ecologically realistic data, experiments performed in greenhouse or closed growth chambers were excluded. For factorial design, experiments with elevated ozone only treatments without ozone fumigation were included, since ozone is known to have significant effects on both yield and grain quality [41]. Data sources for the included experiments are presented in the Supplementary Information (Tables S1 and S2).…”

Section: Databasementioning

confidence: 99%

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CO2-Induced Changes in Wheat Grain Composition: Meta-Analysis and Response Functions

2017

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Elevated carbon dioxide (eCO 2 ) stimulates wheat grain yield, but simultaneously reduces protein/nitrogen (N) concentration. Also, other essential nutrients are subject to change. This study is a synthesis of wheat experiments with eCO 2 , estimating the effects on N, minerals (B, Ca, Cd, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Na, P, S, Zn), and starch. The analysis was performed by (i) deriving response functions to assess the gradual change in element concentration with increasing CO 2 concentration, (ii) meta-analysis to test the average magnitude and significance of observed effects, and (iii) relating CO 2 effects on minerals to effects on N and grain yield. Responses ranged from zero to strong negative effects of eCO 2 on mineral concentration, with the largest reductions for the nutritionally important elements of N, Fe, S, Zn, and Mg. Together with the positive but small and non-significant effect on starch concentration, the large variation in effects suggests that CO 2 -induced responses cannot be explained only by a simple dilution model. To explain the observed pattern, uptake and transport mechanisms may have to be considered, along with the link of different elements to N uptake. Our study shows that eCO 2 has a significant effect on wheat grain stoichiometry, with implications for human nutrition in a world of rising CO 2 .

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Section: Databasementioning

confidence: 99%

CO2-Induced Changes in Wheat Grain Composition: Meta-Analysis and Response Functions

2017

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“…A reduction in Cd concentration was also observed for wheat grown under CO2 enrichment [20] and ozone exposure [39]. Cd is a non-essential element for the plant and the uptake is known to be dependent on transpiration driven mass-flow [40], therefore lower concentrations could be expected since transpiration rates are often reduced under both eCO2 and high ozone [41].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…All variables were analyzed using an un-weighted approach due to lack of data for computation of sample variance (standard deviation or standard error with degree of replication). In line with previous meta-analysis [39,44] variance of the effect size was calculated using a resampling method with 9999 iterations, and confidence intervals (CI) were calculated using the bootstrap method. If the 95% CI did not overlap zero the average effect size for each variable was considered to be significant, and for subgroup analysis the different groups were considered significantly different if the 95% CI did not overlap [45].…”

Section: Meta-analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In order to only include ecologically realistic data, experiments performed in greenhouse or closed growth chambers were excluded. For factorial design experiments with elevated ozone only treatments without ozone fumigation were included, since ozone is known to have significant effects on both yield and grain quality [39]. Data sources for the included experiments are presented in Supplementary ( Table 1, Table 2).…”

Section: Databasementioning

confidence: 99%

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CO<sub>2</sub>-Induced Changes in Wheat Grain Composition: Meta-Analysis and Response Functions

Broberg¹,

Högy²,

Pleijel³

2017

Preprint

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Elevated carbon dioxide (eCO2) stimulates wheat grain yield, but simultaneously reduces protein (N) concentration. Also other essential nutrients are subject to change. This study is a comprehensive synthesis of wheat experiments with eCO2, estimating effects on N, minerals (B, Ca, Cd, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Na, P, S, Zn), and starch. Analysis was made by i) deriving response functions for the relative effect on element concentration in relation to CO2 concentration, ii) meta-analysis to test the magnitude and significance of observed effects, and iii) relating CO2 effects on minerals to effects on N and grain yield. Responses range from zero to strong negative effects of eCO2 on mineral concentration, with largest reductions for the nutritionally important elements N, Fe, S, Zn and Mg. Together with the positive but small and non-significant effect on starch concentration, the large variation in effects suggests that CO2-induced responses cannot be explained by a simple dilution model. To explain the observed pattern, uptake and transport mechanisms may have to be considered, along with the link of different elements to N uptake. Our study shows that eCO2 has a significant effect on wheat grain stoichiometry, with implications for human nutrition in a world of rising CO2.

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Yield and kernel nutritional quality in normal maize and quality protein maize cultivars exposed to ozone

et al. 2018

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BACKGROUND: Tropospheric ozone (O 3 ) is phytotoxic and therefore impacts global food security. In the present study yield responses and kernel quality traits of two maize cultivars [DHM117: normal maize (NM)] and [HQPM1: quality protein maize (QPM)] are investigated. Cultivars were exposed to two doses of elevated O 3 , namely NFC + 15 and NFC + 30 ppb O 3 above ambient level (NFC, non-filtered chambers) while filtered chambers served as control. RESULTS: Test weight (thousand kernel weight), weight of kernels per square meter and kernel starch content reduced more in NM than QPM due to elevated O 3 exposure. Total soluble and reducing sugars increased in both the cultivars being more in NM. Though, endosperm protein showed comparatively more increase in QPM than NM, decline in essential amino acids tryptophan and lysine was higher in QPM. Majority of nutrient elements increased after O 3 treatment, while reductions in oil content as well as saturated fatty acids were observed in both test cultivars. Of the two essential fatty acids, omega 3 fatty acid reduced while omega 6 fatty acid contents increased in QPM. Oil became more unsaturated (increase in polyunsaturated fatty acids) upon O 3 exposure, thus increasing its reactivity and hence became more prone to auto-oxidation. CONCLUSIONS: Elevated O 3 caused losses in yield of maize cultivars and NM showed higher sensitivity than QPM. Kernel quality analysis revealed significant changes in nutritional parameters. Carbohydrate content reduced more in NM, while essential amino acids and saturated fatty acids showed more decline in QPM.

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Ozone effects on wheat grain quality – A summary

Cited by 94 publications

References 45 publications

CO2-Induced Changes in Wheat Grain Composition: Meta-Analysis and Response Functions

CO2-Induced Changes in Wheat Grain Composition: Meta-Analysis and Response Functions

CO<sub>2</sub>-Induced Changes in Wheat Grain Composition: Meta-Analysis and Response Functions

Yield and kernel nutritional quality in normal maize and quality protein maize cultivars exposed to ozone

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