Ozonated Sunflower Oil Exerted Potent Anti-Inflammatory Activities with Enhanced Wound Healing and Tissue Regeneration Abilities against Acute Toxicity of Carboxymethyllysine in Zebrafish with Improved Blood Lipid Profile

Abstract

Ozonated sunflower oil (OSO) is an established therapeutic agent and nutraceutical harboring various therapeutic values, including antiallergic, derma-protective, and broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity. Conversely, the medicinal aspects of OSO for wound healing, tissue regeneration, and treatment of inflammation in dyslipidemia have yet to be fully elucidated. Herein, a comparative effect of OSO and sunflower oil (SO) was investigated to heal cutaneous wound and tissue regeneration of zebrafish impediment by carboxymethyllysine (CML) toxicity, following impact on hepatic inflammation and blood lipid profile. After OSO (final 2%, 1 μL) and SO’s (final 2%, 1 μL) treatment, substantial healing was elicited by OSO in the cutaneous wound of zebrafish impaired by CML (final 25 μg). As an important event of wound healing, OSO scavenges the reactive oxygen species (ROS), rescues the wound from oxidative injury, and triggers the essential molecular events for the wound closer. Furthermore, the intraperitoneal injection of OSO was noted to counter the CML-induced adversity and prompt tissue regeneration in the amputated tail fin of zebrafish. Additionally, OSO counters the CML-induced neurotoxicity and rescues the zebrafish from acute mortality and paralysis, along with meticulous recovery of hepatic inflammation, fatty liver changes, and diminished ROS and proinflammatory interleukin (IL)-6 production. Moreover, OSO efficiently ameliorated CML-induced dyslipidemia by alleviating the total blood cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), and increasing high-density lipoproteins cholesterol (HDL-C). The outcome of multivariate assessment employing principal component analysis and hierarchical cluster analysis supports a superior therapeutic potential of OSO over SO against the clinical manifestation of CML. Conclusively, OSO owing to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential, counters CML-induced toxicity and promotes wound healing, tissue regeneration, hepatoprotection, improved blood lipid profile, and survivability of zebrafish.

Prolonged Supplementation of Ozonated Sunflower Oil Bestows an Antiaging Effect, Improves Blood Lipid Profile and Spinal Deformities, and Protects Vital Organs of Zebrafish (Danio rerio) against Age-Related Degeneration: Two-Years Consumption Study

“…Numerous studies have defined the varied therapeutic potential of ozone [26,27]. In our recent studies, we observed OSO as possessing antimicrobial [8], antioxidant, anti-inflammatory [9,10], and wound-healing activity [10]. Extending our earlier finding herein, we have evaluated the impact of prolonged (2 years) consumption of OSO on zebrafish survivability, body weight, liver, kidney, testis, ovary, and age-associated parameters to ascertain whether OSO is toxic or non-toxic when included in the diet.…”

“…Among the different ozonated oils, SO has been greatly acknowledged for its antimicrobial [8], anti-inflammatory, antioxidant [8,9], and wound-healing role [10,11]. As an antioxidant, ozonated SO (OSO) proved efficient in upregulating cellular antioxidants (superoxide dismutase) and reduced thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) in the gastric mucosa of rats [12].…”

Long-Term Supplementation of Royal Jelly (Raydel®) Improves Zebrafish Growth, Embryo Production and Survivability, Blood Lipid Profile and Functionality of Vital Organs: A 72-Weeks’ Consumption Study

“…For the histological analysis, the tissue was dehydrated using ethanol and embedded in paraffin wax following tissue sectioning (7 μm thick) using microtome (Leica, CM1510s, Heidelberg, Germany). The tissue sections from the liver, ovary, and testis were processed for hematoxylin and eosin staining (H&E) [ 48 , 49 ] to evaluate the morphological changes.…”

Enhancement of Antioxidant and Anti-Glycation Properties of Beeswax Alcohol in Reconstituted High-Density Lipoprotein: Safeguarding against Carboxymethyllysine Toxicity in Zebrafish

“…The wounded area of the zebrafish was persistently monitored at 0, 2, 4, 6, 24, and 48 h after being stained with methylene blue as an earlier adopted method [21]. Briefly, at the respective time point, zebrafish were anesthetized by drenching into 0.1% of 2-phenoxyethanol and the subsequent addition of methylene blue (0.1% w/v, final 2 µL) at the wounded site.…”

“…The use of zebrafish embryos is advantageous due to their external development and optical transparency through their developmental stages. These attributes make zebrafish and their embryos a suitable animal model for various studies, such as the screening of antioxidants [20], wound healing [21], and tissue regeneration [22].…”