Oxytocin induction of short-latency maternal behavior in nulliparous, estrogen-primed female rats

Fahrbach, Susan E.; Morrell, J. I.; Pfaff, Donald W.

doi:10.1016/0018-506x(84)90016-3

Cited by 174 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…[1][2][3] Intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) infusions of oxytocin antagonists or antiserum block or delay the onset of maternal behavior of parturient rats.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chronic gestational cocaine treatment decreases oxytocin levels in the medial preoptic area, ventral tegmental area and hippocampus in Sprague-Dawley rats

et al. 1997

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SummaryWe examined the effects of gestational cocaine treatment on oxytocin levels in the whole hippocampus (HIP), ventral tegmental area (VTA), medial preoptic area (MPOA) and amygdala (AMY) in rat dams on postpartum days (PPDs) 1 and 2. Cocaine treatment significantly reduced oxytocin levels in the MPOA within 12-16 h of delivery (PPD 1), but had no significant effect on the other brain areas. Oxytocin was significantly reduced in the HIP and VTA but not in the AMY or MPOA on PPD 2. These data provide the first evidence for the reduction of oxytocin levels in the VTA, HIP and MPOA as a result of gestational cocaine treatment.

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“…[1][2][3] Intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) infusions of oxytocin antagonists or antiserum block or delay the onset of maternal behavior of parturient rats.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chronic gestational cocaine treatment decreases oxytocin levels in the medial preoptic area, ventral tegmental area and hippocampus in Sprague-Dawley rats

et al. 1997

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“…It is unlikely that morphine disrupted maternal behaviour through its hyperthermic action: increased maternal temperature controls the duration but does not affect the frequency of nursing bouts (Woodside, Pelchat & Leon, 1980) and intracerebroventricular injection of oxytocin can facilitate maternal behaviour yet increases body temperature (Fahrbach et al 1984). Peripheral prolactin has been implicated in maternal behaviour (Bridges, Di Biase, Loundes & Doherty, 1985) but suppression of prolactin secretion, as seen in the non-maternal morphine-infused group, does not affect maternal behaviour (Russell et al 1981).…”

Section: Effects Of Chronic Morphine Infusion On Lactationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Spot checks were made once daily. The following indicators of maternal behaviour were scored (Fahrbach, Morrell & Pfaff, 1984). (1) Nursing posture: six or more pups attached to nipples, score 2; less than six but more than one pup attached to nipples, score 1; not nursing, score 0.…”

Section: Surgery: Implantation Of Intracerebroventricular Infusion Symentioning

confidence: 99%

Chronic intracerebroventricular morphine and lactation in rats: dependence and tolerance in relation to oxytocin neurones.

Rayner

Robinson

Russell

1988

The Journal of Physiology

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SUMMARY1. Acutely, opioids inhibit oxytocin secretion. To study the responses of oxytocin neurones during chronic opioid exposure, forty-five lactating rats were infused continuously from a subcutaneous osmotically driven mini-pump via a lateral cerebral ventricle with morphine sulphate solution from day 2 post-partum for 5-7 days; the infusion rate was increased 2-or 2-5-fold each 40 h from 10 ,ug/h initially up to 50 ,ug/h; controls were infused with vehicle (1 ,u/h, twenty-eight rats) or were untreated (eight rats).2. Maternal behaviour was disrupted in 27 % of the morphine-treated rats; in rats that remained maternal morphine did not affect body weight or water intake but increased rectal temperature by 0-82 + 0-14 'C (mean+S.E.M.) across the first 4 days.3. Weight gain of the litters of maternal morphine-treated rats was reduced by 32 % during 7 days, predominantly in the first day of treatment when milk transfer was also reduced. Observation of pup behaviour during suckling showed decreased frequency of milk ejections on only the second day of morphine treatment. Plasma concentration of prolactin after 6 days was similar in maternal morphine-treated and control rats, but reduced by 90 % in non-maternal morphine-treated rats, indicating normal control of prolactin secretion by suckling in morphine-treated rats.4. Oxytocin and vasopressin contents, measured by radioimmunoassay, in the supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei and in the neurohypophysis were similar between fourteen maternal morphine-treated, twelve vehicle-treated and eight untreated lactating rats; thus exposure to morphine did not involve increased production and storage of oxytocin.5. Distribution of L3H]morphine infused intracerebroventricularly into six virgin female rats for 6 days was measured by scintillation counting of tissue extracts. Morphine concentration in the hypothalamus and neurohypophysis was 2-7 and 12 8 jug/g, respectively, and in blood plasma 0 75 ,ug/g. Tolerance was not due to failure of morphine infusion. In addition, naloxone (5 mg/kg s.c.) provoked typical withdrawal reactions ('wet dog' shakes, defaecation, burrowing) in lactating rats infused with morphine for 5 days.6. Pups were suckled onto seven maternal morphine-infused and five vehicle-V. C. RA YNER AND OTHERS infused rats anaesthetized with urethane for recording of intramammary and arterial blood pressures after treatment for 5 days. The incidence and pattern of milk ejections, and mammary gland sensitivity to oxytocin were similar in the two groups. Tolerance to the inhibition of suckling-induced oxytocin secretion by intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) morphine did not extend to acute intravenous morphine (2-5 or 5 mg/kg).7. In fourteen out of fifteen morphine-infused rats under urethane anaesthesia, intravenous naloxone HCl (5 mg/kg) quickly provoked a large, fluctuating increase in intramammary pressure lasting 41-5+ 15 min (mean±+S.D.); this excitation of presumptive oxytocin secretion was independent of suckling and was not seen in twelve vehicle-infused ra...

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“…OT seems to be fundamentally involved in motivational priming during mother-infant bonding in mammals (Carter, 1998;Maestripieri, 2001b) and it is positively involved in maternal behavior in rats (Fahrbach et al, 1984;Pedersen et al, 1994) and sheep (Kendrick et al, 1987), but such effects have not been studied in primates yet.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxytocin is associated with infant-care behavior and motivation in cooperatively breeding marmoset monkeys

Finkenwirth

Martins

Deschner

et al. 2016

Hormones and Behavior

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The neurohormone oxytocin (OT) is positively involved in the regulation of parenting and social bonding in mammals, and may thus also be important for the mediation of alloparental care. In cooperatively breeding marmosets, infants are raised in teamwork by parents and adult and subadult non-reproductive helpers (usually older siblings). Despite high intrinsic motivation, which may be mediated by hormonal priming, not all individuals are always equally able to contribute to infant-care due to competition among care-takers. Among the various care-taking behaviors, proactive food sharing may reflect motivational levels best, since it can be performed ad libitum by several individuals even if competition among surplus care-takers constrains access to infants. Our aim was to study the link between urinary OT levels and care-taking behaviors in group-living marmosets, while taking affiliation with other adults and infant age into account. Over eight reproductive cycles, 26 individuals were monitored for urinary baseline OT, care-taking behaviors (baby-licking, -grooming, -carrying, and proactive food sharing), and adult-directed affiliation. Mean OT levels were generally highest in female breeders and OT increased significantly in all individuals after birth. During early infancy, high urinary OT levels were associated with increased infant-licking but low levels of adult-affiliation, and during late infancy, with increased proactive food sharing. Our results show that, in marmoset parents and alloparents, OT is positively involved in the regulation of care-taking, thereby reflecting the changing needs during infant development. This particularly included behaviors that are more likely to reflect intrinsic care motivation, suggesting a positive link between OT and motivational regulation of infant-care. This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. Email: christa.finkenwirth@uzh.ch A C C E P T E D M A N U S C R I P T ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPT AbstractThe neurohormone oxytocin (OT) is positively involved in the regulation of parenting and social bonding in mammals, and may thus also be important for the mediation of alloparental care. In cooperatively breeding marmosets, infants are raised in teamwork by parents and adult and subadult non-reproductive helpers (usually older siblings). Despite high intrinsic motivation, which may be mediated by hormonal priming, not all individuals are always equally able to contribute to infant-care due to competition among care-takers. Among the various care-taking behaviors, proactive food sharing may reflect motivational levels best, since it can be performed ad libi...

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Oxytocin induction of short-latency maternal behavior in nulliparous, estrogen-primed female rats

Cited by 174 publications

References 32 publications

Chronic gestational cocaine treatment decreases oxytocin levels in the medial preoptic area, ventral tegmental area and hippocampus in Sprague-Dawley rats

Chronic gestational cocaine treatment decreases oxytocin levels in the medial preoptic area, ventral tegmental area and hippocampus in Sprague-Dawley rats

Chronic intracerebroventricular morphine and lactation in rats: dependence and tolerance in relation to oxytocin neurones.

Oxytocin is associated with infant-care behavior and motivation in cooperatively breeding marmoset monkeys

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