Oxyntomodulin and Its Related Peptides

International Union of Pharmacology. XXXV. The Glucagon Receptor Family

“…3A) (Mojsov et al, 1986;reviewed in Bataille, 1996b) leads to production of glucagon in the pancreatic A-cells. In the intestinal L-cells and central nervous system, the carboxyl-terminally extended forms, glicentin and oxyntomodulin (Bataille, 1996a), as well as GLP-1 and GLP-2 and two intervening peptides, IP-1 and IP-2 are produced. Further processing of glucagon may also produce the carboxyl-terminal undecapeptide miniglucagon, a powerful inhibitor of insulin secretion (Dalle et al, 1999(Dalle et al, , 2002.…”

“…However, it must be noted that 1. Oxyntomodulin and glicentin, secreted from the same intestinal L-cells as GLP-1, display specific biological activities directed toward regulation of gastric acid secretion and gut motility (Bataille, 1996a), and these peptides appear to act via receptors linked to both the inositol phosphate and cyclic AMP pathways (Rodier et al, 1999). Intracerebroventricular administration of oxyntomodulin inhibits food intake in rats, and this effect is blocked by the GLP-1 receptor antagonist exendin-(9 -39); however, the specific receptor that mediates this effect has not yet been identified (Dakin et al, 2001).…”

Miniglucagon: A Local Regulator of Islet Physiology

“…The question of the post‐translational processing of proglucagon is rendered even more complex by the fact that C‐terminal fragments of the mature forms (in particular, glucagon, oxyntomodulin, and glicentin) have their own spectrum of activity. This is true for oxyntomodulin‐(19–37) 3,4 and for glucagon‐(19–29), both products of a cleavage at a basic doublet (Arg 17 ‐Arg 18 ) present in the original hormones. The latter peptide, also referred to as “miniglucagon,” displays biological activities that differ from that of glucagon, the parent hormone.…”

“…In the intestinal L cells, proglucagon leads to several peptides with different biological roles: oxyntomodulin and glicentin, which contain the glucagon sequence plus a C‐terminal extension, which provides their biological specificity directed towards the gut physiology. 3 Proglucagon also leads to the glucagon‐like peptides GLP‐1 and GLP‐2, which display specific activities. The question of the post‐translational processing of proglucagon is rendered even more complex by the fact that C‐terminal fragments of the mature forms (in particular, glucagon, oxyntomodulin, and glicentin) have their own spectrum of activity.…”

Human Obesity: Its Hormonal Basis and the Role of Gastric Inhibitory Polypeptide

“…Oxyntomodulin is another intestinal hormone that is released from the lower small intestine in response to food and is a member of the glucagon superfamily of peptides [45] . Though discovered many years ago, oxyntomodulin has had no major physiological function assigned to it [81] . Nevertheless, it has recently been shown experimentally to reduce appetite and facilitate weight loss in obese subjects [82] .…”