Oxygen Sensing: The Role of Reactive Oxygen Species

Nikinmaa, Mikko; Gassmann, Max; Bogdanova, Anna

doi:10.1002/9781444345988.ch12

Cited by 10 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 89 publications

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“…When compared to terrestrial animals, water-breathing organisms are more likely to be exposed to wider temporal and spatial variations of O 2 supply. This is largely due to the inherent properties of the water and to the rapid fluctuations in the pattern of O 2 production and consumption (Nikinmaa et al, 2011 ). Several animal species are adapted to tolerate regular and often severe hypoxia.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hypoxia Tolerance in Teleosts: Implications of Cardiac Nitrosative Signals

Gattuso¹,

Garofalo²,

Cerra³

et al. 2018

Front. Physiol.

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Changes in environmental oxygen (O2) are naturally occurring phenomena which ectotherms have to face on. Many species exhibit a striking capacity to survive and remain active for long periods under hypoxia, even tolerating anoxia. Some fundamental adaptations contribute to this capacity: metabolic suppression, tolerance of pH and ionic unbalance, avoidance and/or repair of free-radical-induced cell injury during reoxygenation. A remarkable feature of these species is their ability to preserve a normal cardiovascular performance during hypoxia/anoxia to match peripheral (tissue pO2) requirements. In this review, we will refer to paradigms of hypoxia- and anoxia-tolerant teleost fish to illustrate cardiac physiological strategies that, by involving nitric oxide and its metabolites, play a critical role in the adaptive responses to O2 limitation. The information here reported may contribute to clarify the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying heart vulnerability vs. resistance in relation to O2 availability.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hypoxia Tolerance in Teleosts: Implications of Cardiac Nitrosative Signals

Gattuso¹,

Garofalo²,

Cerra³

et al. 2018

Front. Physiol.

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“…Therefore, hypoxia (or reduced oxygen tension) not only inhibits oxidative phosphorylation but also affects other oxygen‐requiring reactions. Aquatic environments exhibit considerably more temporal and spatial variations in their oxygen levels compared with terrestrial environment, and oxygen availability is more crucial for aquatic organisms than for terrestrial animals; this finding can be attributed to the fact that the concentration of dissolved oxygen (DO) is lower and more unstable in water than on land (Nikinmaa & Rees ; Nikinmaa, Gassmann & Bogdanova ). Seasonal DO fluctuation and eutrophication frequently expose aquatic organisms to hypoxia, which adversely affects a broad range of biochemical, physiological, developmental and behavioural processes, including respiration, growth, reproduction, locomotion and metabolism (Clayton ; Heath ; Nikinmaa ; Wu ; Zhang, Ju, Wells & Walter ; Remen, Oppedal, Torgersen, Imsland & Olsen ; Gan, Liu, Tian, Yue, Yang, Liu, Chen & Liang ; Yang, Cao & Fu ; Dan, Yan, Zhang, Cao & Fu ; Remen, Aas, Vågseth, Torgersen, Olsen, Imsland & Oppedal ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of hypoxia on lysozyme activity and antioxidant defences in the kidney and spleen ofCarassius auratus

et al. 2015

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Assessing the responses of lysozyme activity and antioxidant defences to hypoxia is important to understand the adaptation and tolerance strategies of fish under hypoxia. This study investigated the effects of different dissolved oxygen (DO) levels on Carassius auratus, a natural triploid fish, from Qihe River. The content of malondialdehyde (MDA) and the activities of lysozyme and antioxidant enzymes were measured in the kidney and spleen after hypoxic exposure. At the DO concentrations of 1 and 2 mg L À1 , the activities of antioxidant enzymes and lysozyme significantly decreased and the content of MDA significantly increased (P < 0.01). This result suggests that hypoxia decreased antioxidant enzyme and lysozyme activities and caused MDA accumulation in a concentration-dependent manner. The DO level of 4 mg L À1 increased the activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase in the kidney and the activities of glutathione peroxidase and catalase in the spleen (P < 0.05). This result implies that slight hypoxic stress can enhance antioxidant defences to alleviate the damage of oxidative stress. The reduced activities of antioxidant enzymes and the accumulation of MDA at the DO level of ≤2 mg L À1 implied the decrease in antioxidative ability and the occurrence of oxidative stress. The decrement in lysozyme activity indicated that the antibacterial ability was weakened to some degree. Therefore, hypoxic stress at DO levels ≤2 mg L À1 should be removed by aeration to avoid the oxidative damage resulting from the reduced antioxidative ability and prevent the outbreak of diseases caused by weakened antibacterial effects.

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“…A complex morphological and physiological infrastructure is involved in securing, transporting, distributing, and delivering O 2 to the cells (Chapman & McKenzie, 2009). To ensure the availability of molecular O 2 in adequate quantities, O 2 sensing has been highly conserved during the evolution of animal life (Costa et al, 2014;Hockman et al, 2017;Nikinmaa, 2010;Nikinmaa et al, 2011;Rytkönen et al, 2011;Stupnikov & Cardoso, 2017;Sundin et al, 2007;Tarade et al, 2019;Zachar et al, 2017aZachar et al, , 2017bZachar & Jonz, 2012). In mammals, O 2 -sensing largely occurs in the carotid body, the foremost and best-studied peripheral O 2 detector (Buckler, 2007;Kumar & Prabhakar, 2012;L opez-Barneo et al, 1988;L opez-Barneo et al, 2001;L opez-Barneo et al, 2016;Peers et al, 2010), in the neuroepithelial bodies (NEBs) of the pulmonary epithelium (Adriaensen et al, 2003;Cutz et al, 2013;Kumar & Prabhakar, 2012;Nurse, 2010), and the oxygen receptors or the neuroepithelial cells (NECs) in Teleosts (Dunel-Erb et al, 1982;Jonz & Nurse 2009;Jonz et al, 2016;Zaccone et al, 1992).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunohistochemical and ultrastructural study of the immune cell system and epithelial surfaces of the respiratory organs in the bimodally breathing African sharptooth catfish (Clarias gariepinus Burchell, 1822)

Maina

Icardo

Zaccone

et al. 2022

The Anatomical Record

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Acetylcholine (Ach) represents the old neurotransmitter in central and peripheral nervous system. Its muscarinic and nicotinic receptors (mAChRs and nAChRs) constitute an independent cholinergic system that is found in immune cells and play a key role in the regulation of the immune function and cytokine production. Gas exchanging surfaces of the gills and air‐breathing organs (ABOs) of the sharptooth catfish Clarias gariepinus were investigated using ultrastructural and confocal immunofluorescence techniques. This study was predominantly focused on the structure of the immune cell types, the expression of their neurotransmitters, including the antimicrobial peptide piscidin 1, and the functional significance of respiratory gas exchange epithelia. A network of immune cells (monocytes, eosinophils, and mast cells) was observed in the gill and the ABO epithelia. Eosinophils containing 5‐hydroxytryptamine (5‐HT) immunoreactivity were seen in close association with mast cells expressing acetylcholine (Ach), 5‐HT, neuronal nitric oxide synthase, and piscidin 1. A rich and dense cholinergic innervation dispersing across the islet capillaries of the gas exchange barrier and the localization of Ach in the squamous pavement cells covering the capillaries were evidenced byVAChT antibodies. We report for the first time that piscidin 1 (Pis 1)‐positive mast cells interact with Pis 1‐positive nerves found in the epithelia of the respiratory organs. Pis 1 immunoreactivity was also observed in the covering respiratory epithelium of the ABOs and associated with a role in local mucosal immune defense. The above results anticipate future studies on the neuro‐immune interactions at mucosal barrier surfaces, like the gill and the skin of fish, areas densely populated by different immune cells and sensory nerves that constantly sense and adapt to tissue‐specific environmental challenges.

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Oxygen Sensing: The Role of Reactive Oxygen Species

Cited by 10 publications

References 89 publications

Hypoxia Tolerance in Teleosts: Implications of Cardiac Nitrosative Signals

Hypoxia Tolerance in Teleosts: Implications of Cardiac Nitrosative Signals

Effects of hypoxia on lysozyme activity and antioxidant defences in the kidney and spleen ofCarassius auratus

Immunohistochemical and ultrastructural study of the immune cell system and epithelial surfaces of the respiratory organs in the bimodally breathing African sharptooth catfish (Clarias gariepinus Burchell, 1822)

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