Oxygen‐Rich Enzyme Biosensor Based on Superhydrophobic Electrode

Lei, Yongjiu; Sun, Ruize; Zhang, Xiangcheng; Feng, Xinjian; Jiang, Lei

doi:10.1002/adma.201503520

Cited by 135 publications

(116 citation statements)

References 26 publications

(33 reference statements)

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“…Various methods designed for sensing applications, such as nanostructured materials, [4][5][6] metafilms, [7] carbon dots, [8,9] electrodes [10,11] and elastic nanocomposite cilia structures, [12] and wearable sensors have been reported. The monitoring of the nanoparticles in air is necessary for safety control, because nanoscale particles generated from vehicles and industrial processes can penetrate the lungs and spread to other organs, resulting in serious respiratory and cardiac diseases.…”

Section: Doi: 101002/adma201604920mentioning

confidence: 99%

Single Nanoparticle Detection Using Optical Microcavities

et al. 2017

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Detection of nanoscale objects is highly desirable in various fields such as early-stage disease diagnosis, environmental monitoring and homeland security. Optical microcavity sensors are renowned for ultrahigh sensitivities due to strongly enhanced light-matter interaction. This review focuses on single nanoparticle detection using optical whispering gallery microcavities and photonic crystal microcavities, both of which have been developing rapidly over the past few years. The reactive and dissipative sensing methods, characterized by light-analyte interactions, are explained explicitly. The sensitivity and the detection limit are essentially determined by the cavity properties, and are limited by the various noise sources in the measurements. On the one hand, recent advances include significant sensitivity enhancement using techniques to construct novel microcavity structures with reduced mode volumes, to localize the mode field, or to introduce optical gain. On the other hand, researchers attempt to lower the detection limit by improving the spectral resolution, which can be implemented by suppressing the experimental noises. We also review the methods of achieving a better temporal resolution by employing mode locking techniques or cavity ring up spectroscopy. In conclusion, outlooks on the possible ways to implement microcavity-based sensing devices and potential applications are provided.

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Section: Doi: 101002/adma201604920mentioning

confidence: 99%

Single Nanoparticle Detection Using Optical Microcavities

et al. 2017

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“…This work provides a new approach to designing interfaces for GERs [7,34] and GARs [35,36] in devices providing energy conversion and storage (such as fuel cells and metal-air batteries) and bubble-assisted electrodeposition processes. [37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46] Inspired by the lubricant layer of pitcher plants, the hydrophobic lubricant-infused slippery (LIS) interfaces are applicable to manipulation of bubbles in aqueous media.…”

Section: Wwwadvmatde Wwwadvancedsciencenewscommentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This allows the free influx of analyte and greatly improves the sensitivity and accuracy of bioassay. [36] …”

Section: Superaerophilic Electrodes and Their Applicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, air is retained in their nano/microstructures. [24,35,36] Here, CAH is defined as the difference between the cosine of the maximum and minimum static contact angles on the uphill (θ max ) and downhill (θ min ) sides upon tilting the substrate at a particular angle. As gas bubbles come into contact with these superhydrophobic interfaces, air pockets captured in the microstructure could easily coalesce with the air bubbles and then lead to air-bubble spreading.…”

Section: Theoretical Investigation For Gas-bubble Superwettability Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Superwettability of Gas Bubbles and Its Application: From Bioinspiration to Advanced Materials

et al. 2017

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Gas bubbles in aqueous media are common and inevitable in, for example, agriculture and industrial processes. The behaviors of gas bubbles on solid interfaces, including generation, growth, coalescence, release, transport, and collection, are crucial to gas‐bubble‐related applications, which are always determined by gas‐bubble wettability on solid interfaces. Here, the recent progress regarding the study of interfaces with gas‐bubble superwettability in aqueous media, i.e., superaerophilicity and superaerophobicity, is summarized. Some examples illustrate how to design microstructures and chemical compositions to achieve reliable and effective manipulation of gas‐bubble wettability on artificial interfaces. These designed interfaces exhibit excellent performance in gas‐evolution reactions, gas‐adsorption reactions, and directional gas‐bubble transportation. Moreover, progress in the theoretical investigation of gas‐bubble superwettability is reported. Lastly, some challenges are presented, such as the reliable manipulation of gas‐bubble wettability and the establishment of mature theory for exactly and systematically explaining gas‐bubble wetting phenomena.

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“…For this reason, fabrication of a gas diffusion route through the ORR cathode becomes a critical issue in theoretical investigations of integrative electrode design. [49][50][51][52] To prevent flooding of the oxygen diffusion route, balance is required between hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity. The hydrophilic channels in the electrode must be appropriately wetted to provide access to the liquid electrolyte, and the hydrophobic channels must be designed to facilitate oxygen transfer from the atmosphere to the active sites and to avoid leakage.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancement of Oxygen Transfer by Design Nickel Foam Electrode for Zinc−Air Battery

Loh

Wang

et al. 2018

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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To develop a long-lifetime metal-air battery, oxygen reduction electrodes with improved mass-transfer routes are designed by adjusting the mass ratio of the hydrophobic polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) to carbon nanotubes (CNTs) in nickel foam. The oxygen reduction catalyst MnO 2 is grown on the nickel foam using a hydrothermal method. Scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller analysis are employed to characterize the morphology, crystal structure, chemical composition, and pore structure of the electrodes, respectively. The air electrodes are evaluated using constant-current tests and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. A PTFE:CNT mass ratio of 1:4-2:1 with 3-mm-thick nickel foam yields the optimal performance due to the balance of hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity. When the electrodes are applied in primary zinc-air batteries, the electrode with a PTFE:CNT mass ratio of 1:4 achieves the maximum power density of 95.7 mW cm −2 with a discharge voltage of 0.8 V at 100 mA cm −2 , and completes stable discharge for over 14400 s at 20 mA cm Growing global interest in the development of a smart grid and electric vehicles requires long-lifetime, cost-effective, and environmentally friendly batteries, such as zinc-air and lithium-air batteries. Metal-air batteries offer beneficial properties, such as high theoretical energy and power densities, low operating temperature, low cost, and material recyclability.1 In particular, metal-air batteries offer an advantage over other batteries in that the cathode electroactive species (oxygen) is not stored in the battery system but supplied from the surrounding environment during the discharge process. This unique nature simplifies the metal-air battery structure, which leads to a lighter and more compact battery, thereby increasing the specific energy, which approaches 470 and 1700 Wh kg −1 for zinc−air and lithium−air batteries, respectively. 2The oxygen reaction electrode is the core component of metalair batteries, where the oxygen is reduced through multistep electron transfer processes, involving complicated oxygen-containing species such as O, OH, O 2 2− , HO 2 − . [3][4][5][6] It is generally accepted that oxygen reduction may proceed via a four-electron pathway or two-electron pathway. The specific reactions of oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in alkaline media are as followings:1. In a four-electron pathway, O 2 is reduced to OH − ;2. In a two-electron pathway, O 2 is reduced to peroxide ion followed by either further reduction or disproportionation.The oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is usually kinetically sluggish relative to the negative metal anode in these batteries, which results in great voltage loss in the ORR cathode and limits battery performance. This behavior can be partially attributed to the low solubility of O 2 of 1.25 mM in aqueous solutions, 7 and 10 −4 mM in 30 wt% KOH at 25• C, 8 which makes it difficult for oxygen to adsorb on the surface of catalysts in the cathode. 9 Oxygen has ...

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Oxygen‐Rich Enzyme Biosensor Based on Superhydrophobic Electrode

Cited by 135 publications

References 26 publications

Single Nanoparticle Detection Using Optical Microcavities

Single Nanoparticle Detection Using Optical Microcavities

Superwettability of Gas Bubbles and Its Application: From Bioinspiration to Advanced Materials

Enhancement of Oxygen Transfer by Design Nickel Foam Electrode for Zinc−Air Battery

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