Oxygen reduction catalyzed by gold nanoclusters supported on carbon nanosheets

Wang, Qiannan; Wang, Likai; Tang, Zhenghua; Wang, Fucai; Yan, Wei; Yang, Hongyu; Zhou, Weijia; Li, Ligui; Kang, Xiongwu; Chen, Shaowei

doi:10.1039/c6nr00400h

Cited by 59 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…We integrated polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP)-protected Au nanoclusters with reduced graphene oxide (RGO) as the catalyst [61] and found that the nanocomposite possessed markedly higher long-term stability in ORR than Pt/C. Subsequently, we fabricated nanocomposite based on p-mercaptobenzoic acid-functionalized Au nanoclusters, Au 102 (p-MBA) 44 , and porous carbon nanosheets [62]. The best sample in the series composite exhibited slightly positive onset potential, but much higher long-term durability than Pt/C.…”

Section: Au Clusters For Orrmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxygen Reduction Reaction Catalyzed by Noble Metal Clusters

Tang

Wang

2018

Catalysts

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Highly-efficient catalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) have been extensively investigated for the development of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). The state-ofthe-art Pt/C catalysts suffer from high price, limited accessibility of Pt, sluggish reaction kinetics, as well as undesirable long-term durability. Engineering ultra-small noble metal clusters with high surface-to-volume ratios and robust stabilities for ORR represents a new avenue. After a simple introduction regarding the significance of ORR and the recent development of noble metal clusters, the general ORR mechanism in both acidic and basic media is firstly discussed. Subsequently, we will summarize the recent efforts employing Pt, Au, Ag, Pd and Ru clusters, as well as the alloyed bi-metallic clusters for acquiring highly efficient catalysts to enhance both the activity and stability of ORR. Molecular noble metal clusters with definitive composition to reveal the relevant ORR mechanism will be particularly highlighted. Finally, the current challenges, the future outlook, as well as the perspectives in this booming field will be proposed, featuring the great opportunities and potentials to engineering noble metal clusters as highly-efficient and durable cathodic catalysts for fuel cell applications.

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Section: Au Clusters For Orrmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxygen Reduction Reaction Catalyzed by Noble Metal Clusters

Tang

Wang

2018

Catalysts

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“…First of all, chronoamperometric measurements were performed at + 0.6 V in an O 2 -saturated 0.1 M KOH solution. [14] Additionally, the porous structure might facilitate the transport of electrolytes as well as reaction intermediates, which was favorable for the reaction kinetics. However, there was about 16 % loss for the commercial Pd black under the same conditions, indicating more robust stability of Pd/CNS-20 % for ORR.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[1][2][3][4] In the past decades, noble metal clusters have been gaining extensive attention, thanks to their versatile applications in sensing and labeling, [5] optoelectronics, [6] and catalysis. [13][14][15] ORR is a key reaction which largely determines the efficiency of metal-air batteries and fuel cells, and Pt-based nanomaterials have been recognized as the most effective electrocatalysts for ORR. [13][14][15] ORR is a key reaction which largely determines the efficiency of metal-air batteries and fuel cells, and Pt-based nanomaterials have been recognized as the most effective electrocatalysts for ORR.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30] For example, Xia and coworkers prepared octahedral and cubic Pd nanocrystals (5-6 nm) and found that the ORR activities of Pd catalysts strongly depended on their shape and surface structures. Recently, Zhao and coworkers prepared well defined thiolate-capped palladium clusters with the average molecular formula of Pd [13][14][15][16][17] (SR) [18][19][20][21][22] , and such clusters demonstrated apparent ORR activity and enhanced stability with or without ligand in alkaline solutions. [32] Thus far, most prior research has been focused on Pd nanoparticles of relatively large dimensions, and studies of ultrasmall Pd clusters with diameter less than 2 nm have been scarce.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ultrasmall Palladium Nanoclusters Encapsulated in Porous Carbon Nanosheets for Oxygen Electroreduction in Alkaline Media

Yan

Tang

et al. 2017

ChemElectroChem

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Ultrasmall noble-metal nanoclusters have been gaining extensive attention because of their unique catalytic activity. Herein, we describe a facile in situ method for the preparation of palladium nanoclusters encapsulated in porous carbon nanosheets as effective catalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in alkaline media. Structural characterizations through Xray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscopy studies indicate that the Pd clusters were well incorporated into porous carbon nanosheets. The composition of the nanocomposites was manipulated by varying the initial loading ratio of Pd to carbon nanosheets (Pd/ CNS). Among the series of samples tested, the sample at a Pd/ CNS ratio of 1 : 4 (Pd/CNS-20 %) exhibited the best ORR activity with the most positive onset potential and largest diffusionlimited current density, which was even superior to that of commercial Pd black, along with remarkable long-term durability. The findings highlight the unique advantages of employing ultrasmall ligand-free palladium clusters as cost-effective ORR catalysts with high efficiency and remarkable stability.[a] W.

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“…Nørskov et al reported a volcano plot which indicates the trends in ORR activity as a function of the oxygen binding energy [4]. Au nanoclusters and nanoparticles with porous carbon supports for ORR also studied in some papers [8,9]. On the other hand, gold (Au) was reported as a less active metal for ORR, exhibiting twoelectron reduction pathway, because of the too weak binding of oxygen on Au surface [3,5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Highly Dispersive Gold Nanoparticles on Carbon Black for Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide Reduction

Kim

et al. 2018

Electroanalysis

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Highly dispersive Au nanoparticles on carbon black (Au NPs/CB) were synthesized in situ with co‐present two different reducing agents of NaBH4 at various concentrations and citrate at a constant concentration of 3 mM. The average diameters of Au NPs on carbon support were in the range from 5.8 (±2.4) to 2.0 (±0.4) nm, with 50 particles quantified. Electrocatalytic activities of as‐prepared Au NPs/CB were explored for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in basic solution with rotating disk electrode (RDE) and rotating ring‐disk electrode (RRDE) voltammetry. In results, the Au NPs/CB synthesized with 0.2 mM NaBH4 (2.0 nm of Au NPs diameter) represented the highest ORR catalytic activity with electron transfer number of 3.9 and mass activity of 0.25 mA cm−2 μg−1as well as a perfect resistance to methanol contamination. Especially, the half‐wave potential of ORR curve which related to the kinetics of oxygen reduction was more positive compared with previously reported Au‐based ORR catalysts. In addition, the Au NPs/CB prepared with 0.2 mM NaBH4 was also examined as a CO2 reduction catalyst in KHCO3 with KCl solution with scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM). CO2 was reduced to CO selectively without hydrogen evolution at Au NPs/CB substrate electrode, which was directly monitored with an electrochemical CO microsensor as a tip electrode in SECM. In addition, we have identified the products of CO2 reduction through gas chromatography (GC)‐mass spectrometry (MS), flame ionization detector (FID), and thermal conductivity detector (TCD).

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Oxygen reduction catalyzed by gold nanoclusters supported on carbon nanosheets

Cited by 59 publications

References 42 publications

Oxygen Reduction Reaction Catalyzed by Noble Metal Clusters

Oxygen Reduction Reaction Catalyzed by Noble Metal Clusters

Ultrasmall Palladium Nanoclusters Encapsulated in Porous Carbon Nanosheets for Oxygen Electroreduction in Alkaline Media

Highly Dispersive Gold Nanoparticles on Carbon Black for Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide Reduction

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