Oxygen isotopic composition of fruit carbonate in Lithospermeae and its potential for paleoclimate research in the Mediterranean

Does Oxygen Stable Isotope Composition in Primates Vary as a Function of Vertical Stratification or Folivorous Behaviour?

“…Although Roberts et al, [2017] did not give a specific mechanistic reason for the lack of consistent δ 18 O differences between these plant tissues, it could be that some high-canopy fruits with greater cuticle permeability may have elevated evapotranspiration rates [Schreiber and Riederer, 1996], resulting in similar δ 18 O values to adjacent canopy leaves [Roberts et al, 2017]. This premise is corroborated by studies that report a positive association between air temperature variation and the δ 18 O values of some fruit tissues [Jahren et al, 2001;Pustovoytov et al, 2010]. In this vein, the reproductive biology of figs holds particular interest, especially those with potential for photosynthesis and respiration; by this reasoning green figs are predicted to have higher δ 18 O values than other fruits (see Dominy et al [2016]).…”

Pedogenic carbonates: Forms and formation processes

“…The δ 13 C isotopic composition of soil CO 2 and thus of pedogenic carbonates (PC) is controlled by local vegetation (C 3 or C 4 pl nts) Cerling, 1984). The e n δ 13 C value and standard deviation for biogenic carbonates (BC) are calculated from: Dettman et al, 1999;Prendergast et al, 2015;Pustovoytov et al, 2010;Regev et al, 2011;Riera et al, 2013;Stern et al, 1994. Note the different 13 C fractionation by rhizorespiration for C 3 and C 4 plants (Werth and Kuzyakov, 2010).…”

Interpreting, dating, and reevaluating the botanical assemblage from tell Kedesh: a case study of historical contamination

“…The area immediately surrounding Kedesh comprises remnants of evergreen maquis and forests of the Quercus calliprinosePistacia palaestina association, which have mostly been denuded and reoccupied by Mediterranean batha and garigue vegetation, as there is no "virgin" vegetation left in the Upper Galilee. Even where natural vegetation prevails, it is undoubtedly affected by humans through burning, cutting, grazing, and past cultivation (Rabinovich-Vin and Orshan, 1974;Baruch, 1990). Remaining stands of evergreen oak forest were dominated by Quercus and Pistacia, with numerous other Mediterranean evergreen trees and shrubs, such as Laurus nobilis, Arbutus andrachne, and Rhamnus alaternus (Zohary, 1962).…”

“…The carbonate fruits of another species Lythospermum (Buglossoides) from the same family have been successfully dated from a number of archaeological sites in Europe and the Near East (Pustovoytov et al, 2004;Pustovoytov and Riehl, 2006). The authors argue that the biogenic carbonate can survive in cultural layers for millennia without appreciable recrystallization (Pustovoytov et al, 2010).…”