Oxygen isotope analyses of ungulate tooth enamel confirm low seasonality of rainfall contributed to the African Humid Period in Somalia

Reid, Rachel E. B.; Jones, Mica B.; Brandt, Steven A.; Bunn, Henry T.; Marshall, Fiona

doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2019.109272

Cited by 10 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 82 publications

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“…Numbered circles represent sites with MIS 2/1 faunal assemblages mentioned in the text: 1) Guli Waabayo and Gogoshiis Qabe; 2) Rifle Range Site; 3) Zwai-Shala sites; 4) Ekapune ya Muto; 5) Lukenya Hill sites; 6) Nasera; 7) Mumba; 8) Kisese II; 9) Panga ya Saidi; 10) Kuumbi Cave. Modified from Jones et al (2021) and Reid et al (2019). B -Map of inter-riverine southern Somalia with locations of Buur Heybe and Buur Hakaba.…”

Section: Southern Somalia Paleoclimatementioning

confidence: 99%

“…B -Map of inter-riverine southern Somalia with locations of Buur Heybe and Buur Hakaba. Modified from Jones et al (2021) and Reid et al (2019). aridity around 8.2 ka.…”

Section: Southern Somalia Paleoclimatementioning

confidence: 99%

“…aridity around 8.2 ka. In southern Somalia, Reid et al (2019) used oxygen and carbon isotopic evidence preserved in archaeological ungulate teeth from Guli Waabayo and Gogoshiis Qabe rock shelters to argue that total annual precipitation during the AHP was comparable to today, but more evenly distributed throughout the year. For this study, we used evidence of regional and localized MIS 2/1 rainfall fluctuations as well as archaeological evidence from sites in inter-riverine southern Somalia to interpret faunal patterns from Guli Waabayo rock shelter.…”

Section: Southern Somalia Paleoclimatementioning

confidence: 99%

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20,000 years of small game hunting in southern Somalia

Jones

Brandt

2022

Quaternary International

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Section: Southern Somalia Paleoclimatementioning

confidence: 99%

“…B -Map of inter-riverine southern Somalia with locations of Buur Heybe and Buur Hakaba. Modified from Jones et al (2021) and Reid et al (2019). aridity around 8.2 ka.…”

Section: Southern Somalia Paleoclimatementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Southern Somalia Paleoclimatementioning

confidence: 99%

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20,000 years of small game hunting in southern Somalia

Jones

Brandt

2022

Quaternary International

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“…With their almost uniformly positive loading on EOF1, lakes within the EARS had a high status during the early to mid-Holocene, concurrent with the widespread African Humid Period (Jolly et al, 1998;deMenocal et al, 2000;Shanahan et al, 2015). In contrast to northern Africa, where a similar early-to mid-Holocene humidity maximum was induced by the precessional expansion of the West-African monsoon (Kutzbach and Otto-Bliesner, 1982;Otto-Bliesner et al, 2014), the causes for tropical East Africa's similar moisture-balance behaviour during this episode remain unclear (Tierney et al, 2011;Liu et al, 2017;Reid et al, 2019;Wang et al, 2019).…”

Section: Application Of Joint Mc-rseof Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

An uncertainty-focused database approach to extract spatiotemporal trends from qualitative and discontinuous lake-status histories

Cort¹,

Chevalier²,

Burrough³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Changes in lake status are often interpreted as palaeoclimate indicators due to their dependence on precipitation and evaporation. The Global Lake Status Database (GLSDB) has since long provided a standardised synopsis of qualitative lake status over the last 30,000 14 C years. Potential sources of uncertainty however are not recorded in the GLSDB. Here we present an updated and improved relational-database framework that incorporates uncertainty in both chronology and the interpretation of palaeoenvironmental data. The database uses peerreviewed palaeolimnological studies to produce a consensus on qualitative lake-status histories, whose chronologies are revised and standardized through the recalibration of radiocarbon dates and the application of Bayesian age-depth modelling for stratigraphic archives. Quantitative information on absolute water-level elevation is preserved if available from geomorphological sources. We also propose a new probabilistic analytical framework that accounts for these uncertainties to reconstruct synoptic, integrated environmental signals. The process is based on a Monte Carlo algorithm that iteratively samples individual lake-status histories within the limits of their uncertainties to produce many possible scenarios. We then use Recursively-Subtracted Empirical Orthogonal Function analysis to extract dominant patterns of lake-status variability from these scenarios. As a proof of concept, we apply this framework to 67 sites in eastern and southern Africa whose lake-status histories cover part of the late Pleistocene and/or Holocene. We show that, despite the sometimes large temporal and interpretation uncertainties, and the inclusion of highly discontinuous lake-status time series, identifying the major known millennial-scale climatic phases during the last 20,000 years is possible. Our framework was also able to identify an antiphased response between the lake basins in eastern and interior southern Africa to these changes. We propose that our new database and methodology framework serves as a template for efficient lakestatus data synthesis, encourages the incorporation of lake-status data in more palaeoclimate syntheses, and expands the possibilities for the use of such data in the evaluation of climate models.

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“…Whether or not Plio-Pliestocene fossil tusks from East Africa or other parts of the world are suitable for stable isotope profiles remains to be tested. If diagenesis precludes the use of Plio-Pliestocene fossil tusks from East Africa, isotope profiles from proboscidean enamel or other large herbivore molar teeth may provide alternative proxies for examining seasonal environmental variability (Reid et al, 2019;Uno et al, 2020;Yang et al, 2020).…”

Section: Applications Of Tusk Isotope Profiles To Modern Ecology and Paleoecologymentioning

confidence: 99%

High-resolution stable isotope profiles of modern elephant (Loxodonta africana) tusk dentin and tail hair from Kenya: Implications for identifying seasonal variability in climate, ecology, and diet in ancient proboscideans

Uno

Fisher

Schuster

et al. 2020

Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology

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Oxygen isotope analyses of ungulate tooth enamel confirm low seasonality of rainfall contributed to the African Humid Period in Somalia

Cited by 10 publications

References 82 publications

20,000 years of small game hunting in southern Somalia

20,000 years of small game hunting in southern Somalia

An uncertainty-focused database approach to extract spatiotemporal trends from qualitative and discontinuous lake-status histories

High-resolution stable isotope profiles of modern elephant (Loxodonta africana) tusk dentin and tail hair from Kenya: Implications for identifying seasonal variability in climate, ecology, and diet in ancient proboscideans

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