Oxygen-independent direct deoxyribonucleic acid backbone breakage caused by Rose Bengal and visible light

Peak, Meyrick J.; Peak, Jennifer G.; Foote, Christopher S.; Krinsky, Normam I.

doi:10.1016/0047-2670(84)87033-1

Cited by 28 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Damage to DNA by oxygen free radicals, such as hydroxyl free radicals, is known to yield single strand breaks as a major product (16). Single strand breakage has been reported by some (17) to be caused by singlet oxygen but others question the role of singlet oxygen in the process (18,19). Single strand nicks in DNA are regarded as fairly innocuous, since they are quite readily Conditions for the bleomycin reaction are described in Methods and Materials and the MB + light conditions are described in the legend for Table 1.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methylene blue plus light mediates 8-hydroxy 2'-deoxyguanosine formation in DNA preferentially over strand breakage

et al. 1990

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Methylene blue (MB) plus light, in the presence of oxygen, mediates formation of 8-hydroxyguanine in DNA. The yield of 8-hydroxyguanine may be as much as from 2 to 4% of the guanines present. The results presented here show that treatment of supercoiled plasmid DNA with methylene blue plus light causes single-stranded nicks. However, single-stranded nicking occurs approximately 17-fold less frequently than does formation of 8-hydroxyguanine. The nicking rate is reduced in the presence of Mg ion but is not prevented by inhibitors of the iron-catalyzed Fenton reaction or by scavengers of hydroxyl free radicals. Extensive exposure of DNA to light in the presence of MB produces no detectable thiobarbital reactive material thus implicating that single strand nicking does not occur by hydroxyl free radical attack on deoxyribose. Formation of 8-hydroxyguanine is apparently not dependent upon intercalative binding of MB to DNA, since it is formed in polydeoxyguanylic acid.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methylene blue plus light mediates 8-hydroxy 2'-deoxyguanosine formation in DNA preferentially over strand breakage

et al. 1990

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“…Since repair (or recovery), at least DNA double-strand break repair, apparently does not determine the response of D. radiodurans under PDT, and notwithstanding the fact that DNA double-strand breaks are found in mammalian cells under PDT (38), the shoulders might alternatively be explained in terms of target theoretical concepts.…”

Section: Target Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

Systematic Study of Parameters Influencing the Action of Rose Bengal with Visible Light on Bacterial Cells: Comparison Between the Biological Effect and Singlet-Oxygen Production

Schäfer

Schmitz

Facius

et al. 2007

Photochemistry and Photobiology

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As part of a project to study different methods for the disinfection of effluent water, the inactivation of different microorganisms (Escherichia coli, Deinococcus radiodurans and spores of Bacillus subtilis) using a combination of a photosensitizer (Rose Bengal) with simulated sunlight and oxygen was determined under various environmental conditions (temperature, pH index). In parallel, the singlet‐oxygen (1O2) production was also measured under the same conditions. Whereas the vegetative cells could be inactivated much more efficiently at increased temperature and altered index of pH, the production of 1O2 remained essentially the same under these alterations. Additionally, the relations among the sensitivities of different cell types to be killed by our photodynamic treatments (PDT) were opposite to those found after exposure to ionizing radiation. The results of photodynamic experiments do not reflect the cells' capacity to repair DNA strand breaks. Spores of B. subtilis, as a nonvegetative system, could not be inactivated by illuminations up to 100 J cm−2. Together, these findings indicate that DNA is not the primary target, the inactivation of which leads to the killing of our test organisms. Instead, the cellular envelope appears to be the component being assaulted by our PDT.

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“…A major advantage of this system is that it produces pure singlet oxygen uncontaminated by other possible reactive species, clearly demonstrated by the excellent agreement between the theoretical and observed dependences of effect upon the distance between generating surface and target solution ). In contrast, photosensitization with soluble dyes can produce reactive intermediates such as the excited state sensitizer and forms of reactive oxygen whose effects are difficult to distinguish from those of singlet oxygen (Kornhauser et al, 1973;Saito et al, 1975;Cadet and Teoule, 1978;Peak et al, 1984). Soluble chemical sources of singlet oxygen (Schapp and Bartlett, 1970;Saito and Matsuura, 1981) may provide relatively pure single oxygen, but are themselves oxidants and can react with certain substrates.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Singlet Oxygen Induces Frank Strand Breaks as Well as Alkali‐ and Piperidine‐labile Sites in Supercoiled Plasmid Dna

Blazek

Peak

1989

Photochem & Photobiology

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A covalently closed, circular, supercoiled plasmid was exposed to singlet oxygen by a separated-surface sensitizer. For each exposure, the quantity of single oxygen entering the DNA target solution was estimated by its oxidation of histidine. After singlet oxygen exposure, some DNA samples were treated to disclose occult lesions. Agarose gel electrophoresis was then used to resolve the unrelaxed supercoils from the relaxed circular and linear species, and all bands were quantitated fluorometrically. Exposure of supercoiled plasmid DNA to singlet oxygen induced frank DNA strand breaks, alkali-labile sites (pH 12.5, 90 degrees C, 30 min), and piperidine-labile sites (0.4 M, 60 degrees C, 30 min), all in a dose-dependent manner. Yields of alkali-labile and piperidine-labile sites ranged from one to four times the frank strand break yield. Replacement of buffered H2O by buffered D2O as the DNA solvent for singlet oxygen exposures increased DNA lesion yields by a factor of 2.6 (averaged over lesion classes). Our data for the detection of frank strand breaks is at variance with published results from studies in which singlet oxygen was derived from a thermolabile endoperoxide dissolved in the DNA solution.

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Oxygen-independent direct deoxyribonucleic acid backbone breakage caused by Rose Bengal and visible light

Cited by 28 publications

References 19 publications

Methylene blue plus light mediates 8-hydroxy 2'-deoxyguanosine formation in DNA preferentially over strand breakage

Methylene blue plus light mediates 8-hydroxy 2'-deoxyguanosine formation in DNA preferentially over strand breakage

Systematic Study of Parameters Influencing the Action of Rose Bengal with Visible Light on Bacterial Cells: Comparison Between the Biological Effect and Singlet-Oxygen Production

Singlet Oxygen Induces Frank Strand Breaks as Well as Alkali‐ and Piperidine‐labile Sites in Supercoiled Plasmid Dna

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