Oxidized multiwalled carbon nanotube reinforced rheological examination on Gum ghatti‐cl‐poly(acrylic acid) hydrogels

Abstract

The intention of the present study was to synthesize Gum ghatti-cl-poly(acrylic acid)/-o-MWCNT hydrogel by free radical copolymerization method where the role of various ingredients are as: Gum ghatti as biopolymer (GG), acrylic acid (AA) as a probe for synthetic monomer, ammonium persulfate as initiator and methylene bis-acrylamide (MBA) as a crosslinker. The oxidized multiwalled nanocarbon tubes (-o-MWCNT) with variable amounts (0-50 mg) were used as fillers. The as-prepared hydrogels were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy.The rheological investigation of hydrogels revealed that the storage modulus (G 0 ) was always higher than the loss modulus (G 00 ) in the linear viscoelastic region over the entire frequency range. The persistent covalence crosslinking is responsible for the solid-like behavior and elastic nature (G 0 > G 00 ). Hydrogels containing Gum ghatti-cl-poly(acrylic acid)/-o-MWCNT increased with strain. The nonlinear oscillatory shear increases by the addition -o-MWCNT.The features shown highlight the potential of Gum ghatti-cl-poly(acrylic acid)/-o-MWCNT hydrogels for agricultural, medicinal, and pharmaceutical applications.

Preparation and Enhancing Properties of pH‐Sensitive Hydrogel in Light of Gum Ghatti‐cl‐poly(acrylic acid)/ – o‐MWCNT for Sodium Diclofenac Drug Release

“…The surface morphology of GGAACNT0 and GGAACNT3 hydrogel were characterized using SEM. [ 21 ] The surface morphology of both the neat hydrogel and its nanocomposite displays peel smooth in addition with rough and non‐uniform surface, as seen in Figure (Figure 3a, b). After saturating the hydrogel with oxidized multiwall carbon nanotube, the GGAACNT hydrogel resulted in the white layer on the peeled smooth, [ 21 ] polymer matrix (Figure 3b).…”

“…The real peaks for ‐ o ‐MWCNTs are not visible in the GGAACNT‐3 hydrogel, meaning that the signals are overlaid by GGAACNT‐0 signals due to a frequency of connection between oxidized multiwall carbon nanotube chains and GGAACNT‐0 chains. [ 21,22,37 ]…”

“…[ 21 ] The surface morphology of both the neat hydrogel and its nanocomposite displays peel smooth in addition with rough and non‐uniform surface, as seen in Figure (Figure 3a, b). After saturating the hydrogel with oxidized multiwall carbon nanotube, the GGAACNT hydrogel resulted in the white layer on the peeled smooth, [ 21 ] polymer matrix (Figure 3b). Carbon nanotubes (CNT) are novel porous materials with a multi‐modal porous structure and energy‐dispersive surface.…”

“…After 120 min, the procedure was stopped and cooled to room temperature. [21,24] Table S2, Supporting Information, summarizes the contents of various substances used in the preparation of hydrogel. Acetone was used as the solvent in a series of Soxhlet extractions to extract homopolymers.…”

“…[4,35] The stretching vibration of the carbonyl group in carboxylic acid emerges at 1718 cm −1 , and the peak of COOH symmetrical vibration at 1420 cm −1 contributes to the development of GGAACNT-0 hydrogel, [36] which is also assisted by the nonexistence of a peak between 1600 and 1650 cm −1 , a typical peak of C=C. [21] It shows that the C=C bond in acrylic acid is converted to a C-C bond, resulting in the development of polyacrylic acid in the hydrogel. Both the GGAACNT-0 and GGAACNT-3 hydrogels show similar distinctive peaks.…”