Oxidised low-density lipoprotein concentration – early marker of an altered lipid metabolism in young women with PCOS

Abstract

Objective: Women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) are assumed to be at increased risk for cardiovascular diseases. This study examined the variations in oxidised low-density lipoprotein (OxLDL) concentration in relation to insulin levels in young women with PCOS. Design: Cross-sectional clinical study in tertiary cares research hospitals. A total of 179 women with PCOS (79 overweight) and 56 age-and body mass index-matched controls were examined. Methods: Blood samples were collected in follicular phase of the cycle for the basal glucose, total-, highdensity lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) and LDL-cholesterol, OxLDL, triglycerides, apolipoprotein-A1 (Apo-A1) and B (Apo-B), lipoprotein (a), insulin, testosterone and sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG). Homeostatic model index (HOMA) and free androgen index (FAI) were determined. Results: Overweight and normal weight women with PCOS had higher concentrations of OxLDL than their control counterparts (PZ0.007 and 0.003 respectively). Both the basal insulin (PZ0.003) and HOMA values (P!0.001) were significantly higher in overweight than normal weight patients. Testosterone and FAI were higher in patients than in the respective controls (P!0.001). The only independent predictor of increased OxLDL concentration in normal weight patients was Apo-B-to-Apo-A1 ratio (P!0.001, odds ratio (OR) 6.1; 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.3-16.4), while in obese PCOS, it was total cholesterolto-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (P!0.001, OR 2.8; 95% CI 1.6-4.9). Conclusion: Young normal weight and overweight PCOS women have similarly increased OxLDL levels. Our results may indicate the presence of primary alteration in lipid metabolism in patients with PCOS. To answer the question whether the alteration in LDL particle size can by itself pose a higher cardiovascular risk, a careful follow-up of these women is needed. 155 131-136 European Journal of Endocrinology

Soluble CD36 and Risk Markers of Insulin Resistance and Atherosclerosis Are Elevated in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and Significantly Reduced During Pioglitazone Treatment

“…These findings are supported by previous studies in PCOS and suggest that the increase in levels of oxLDL in PCOS more closely relates to insulin resistance and abdominal obesity than to hyperandrogenemia (17,19).…”

“…Increased levels of ox-LDL in PCOS patients compared with weight-matched control subjects were documented in a recent study (17) in found comparable oxLDL levels in normal-weight and overweight PCOS patients. These findings suggested a minor association between body weight and oxLDL levels in PCOS and are in agreement with the BMIindependent correlation between oxLDL and glucose and lipid metabolism in the present study.…”

Circulating platelet-derived microparticles are elevated in women with polycystic ovary syndrome diagnosed with the 1990 criteria and correlate with serum testosterone levels

“…Several cardiovascular risk factors, including dyslipidemia (7,8), impaired glucose metabolism (9), abdominal obesity (10), and the metabolic syndrome (11), are more prevalent in PCOS women than in the general population and possibly contribute to the greater cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in PCOS. Of note, women diagnosed with PCOS according to the 1990 criteria have more adverse metabolic profile than those diagnosed according to the additional 2003 criteria (12,13).…”

Comparison of the Paraoxonase and Arylesterase Activities in Follicle Fluid of Females with PCOS in ICSI Cycle

“…[21][22][23][24] In addition, it has been reported that oxidized low-density lipoprotein (LDL) which starts the atherogenesis, through foam cell formation and inflammatory responses, were found to be higher in women with PCOS than in controls. 25,26 Contrary to this process; high-density lipoprotein (HDL) shows anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. 27,28 Due to its small size (lower than 300 kDa); the permanent of HDL is possible to the FF.…”