“…The minority carrier diffusion lengths (L d ) are dramatically affected with this undesirable impurity. Gettering processes, such as internal gettering by oxygen precipitation [1], phosphorus-gettering [2] and aluminium-gettering [3], are usually required to improve the electrical properties of the material. Later, it has been established that layers of porous silicon treated at high temperatures allow an efficient reduction of defects and contaminant concentrations in crystalline silicon wafers [4].…”