Oxidative Stress Markers Are Associated with a Poor Prognosis in Patients with Pancreatic Cancer

Abstract

Pancreatic cancer is a malignancy of rising prevalence, especially in developed countries where dietary patterns and sedentariness favor its onset. This malady ranks seventh in cancer-related deaths in the world, although it is expected to rank second in the coming years, behind lung cancer. The low survival rate is due to the asymptomatic course of the early stages, which in many cases leads to metastases when becoming evident in advanced stages. In this context, molecular pathology is on the way towards finding new approaches with biomarkers that allow a better prognosis and monitoring of patients. So the present study aims to evaluate a series of molecular biomarkers, PARP1, NOX1, NOX2, eNOS and iNOS, as promising candidates for prognosis and survival by using immunohistochemistry. The analysis performed in 41 patients with pancreatic cancer showed a correlation between a high expression of all these components with a low survival rate, with high statistical power for all. In addition, a 60-month longitudinal surveillance program was managed, accompanied by several clinical parameters. The derivative Kaplan–Meier curves indicated a low cumulative survival rate as well. Ultimately, our research emphasized the value of these molecules as survival-associated biomarkers in pancreatic cancer, offering new gates for clinical management.

IFN‑γ induces apoptosis in gemcitabine‑resistant pancreatic cancer cells

“…Immunotherapy, which targets mechanisms of carcinogenesis, may be successful in treating these patients. Recent studies have demonstrated a significant correlation between immunotherapy-related biomarkers, including NLRP3, PARP1, NOX1, NOX2, eNOS and iNOS, and the treatment outcomes, prognoses and survival rates of patients with pancreatic cancer ( 23 , 24 ). Since the cytokine IFN-γ has been shown to promote cell apoptosis and limit cell proliferation, lung, breast and several other types of cancer are treated with this protein, which serves a key role in activating cellular immunity and stimulating antitumor immune responses ( 25 ).…”

Prognostic Value of Histone Acetyl Transferase 1 (HAT-1) and Inflammatory Signatures in Pancreatic Cancer

“…The study and exploration of serological and tissue biomarkers are a pivotal part of pancreatic cancer research, offering different translational applications such as early diagnosis, accurate prognosis or potential therapeutic targets to be explored [7,8]. In this sense, a number of studies have consistently demonstrated a correlation between the level of tissue expression of different molecules measured via immunohistochemistry (IHC) and survival rates in PDAC patients [9][10][11][12][13][14], aiding to predict the progression of the disease and explore possible therapeutic alternatives. Therefore, the search and establishment of different relevant tissue markers highlight the connection between biological and clinical variables in different types of tumors such as PDAC, elucidating the critical importance of these types of studies.…”

Identification of immunogenic cell death‑related prognostic signatures in pancreatic cancer

“…In essence, the identification of biomarkers capable of serving as targets for immunotherapy, while also predicting both the prognosis of patients with pancreatic cancer and their responsiveness to chemotherapy, holds immense potential. Such biomarkers may substantially enhance treatment effectiveness and simultaneously mitigate unnecessary interventions in the realm of pancreatic cancer therapy ( 5 ).…”