Oxidative Stress in Poultry: Lessons from the Viral Infections

Rehman, Zaib Ur; Chen, Meng; Sun, Yingjie; Safdar, Anum; Pasha, Riaz Hussain; Munir, Muhammad; Ding, Chan

doi:10.1155/2018/5123147

Cited by 48 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 148 publications

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“…Viral infection is also closely associated with oxidative injury, and it evokes oxidative stress and intensifies with the pathological process [12]. UA, the final breakdown product of purine metabolism, is one of the main non-enzyme antioxidants in the plasma [13].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of laboratory findings of COVID-19 patients with comorbid diabetes mellitus

Liang

Liu

Chen

et al. 2020

Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice

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Coronavirus disease (COVID-19), also referred to as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is instigated by a novel coronavirus. The disease was initially reported in Wuhan, China, in December 2019. Diabetes is a risk factor associated with adverse outcomes. Herein, our objective was to investigate the characteristics of laboratory findings of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients infected with SARS-CoV-2. Methods: This was a retrospective study and included 80 T2DM patients of Jinling Hospital from 2010 to 2020, as well as 76 COVID-19 patients without T2DM and 55 COVID-19 patients with T2DM who were treated at Huoshen hill Hospital from February 11 to March 18, 2020. We then compared the differences in laboratory test results between the three groups. Results: The levels of lymphocytes, uric acid (UA), and globulin in the T2DM group were significantly higher. In contrast, C-reactive protein (CRP), creatinine, and lactic dehydrogenase (LDH)levels were lower than those in the COVID-19 (p < 0.05) and COVID-19 + T2DM groups (p < 0.05). No considerable difference was observed regarding the levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), white blood cell (WBC), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), globulin, and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) in the three groups (p > 0.05). Conclusion: T2DM patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 showed decreased levels of body mass index (BMI), lymphocytes, UA, and albumin, and increased CRP levels. The decreased BMI, UA, and albumin levels may be associated with oxidative stress response and nutritional consumption. The decreased lymphocyte counts and increased CRP levels may be related to the infection.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of laboratory findings of COVID-19 patients with comorbid diabetes mellitus

Liang

Liu

Chen

et al. 2020

Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice

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“…Vaccinations [70][71][72] Microbial or virus challenges [73][74][75][76][77][78] Gut dis-bacteriosis [79][80][81][82][83] Pipping and hatching [5,84,85] A growing body of evidence clearly indicates that oxidative stress is involved in most of commercially relevant stresses in poultry production (for review see [1,2,15,60,86]).…”

Section: Internal Stressorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antioxidant Defence Systems and Oxidative Stress in Poultry Biology: An Update

et al. 2019

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Poultry in commercial settings are exposed to a range of stressors. A growing body of information clearly indicates that excess ROS/RNS production and oxidative stress are major detrimental consequences of the most common commercial stressors in poultry production. During evolution, antioxidant defence systems were developed in poultry to survive in an oxygenated atmosphere. They include a complex network of internally synthesised (e.g., antioxidant enzymes, (glutathione) GSH, (coenzyme Q) CoQ) and externally supplied (vitamin E, carotenoids, etc.) antioxidants. In fact, all antioxidants in the body work cooperatively as a team to maintain optimal redox balance in the cell/body. This balance is a key element in providing the necessary conditions for cell signalling, a vital process for regulation of the expression of various genes, stress adaptation and homeostasis maintenance in the body. Since ROS/RNS are considered to be important signalling molecules, their concentration is strictly regulated by the antioxidant defence network in conjunction with various transcription factors and vitagenes. In fact, activation of vitagenes via such transcription factors as Nrf2 leads to an additional synthesis of an array of protective molecules which can deal with increased ROS/RNS production. Therefore, it is a challenging task to develop a system of optimal antioxidant supplementation to help growing/productive birds maintain effective antioxidant defences and redox balance in the body. On the one hand, antioxidants, such as vitamin E, or minerals (e.g., Se, Mn, Cu and Zn) are a compulsory part of the commercial pre-mixes for poultry, and, in most cases, are adequate to meet the physiological requirements in these elements. On the other hand, due to the aforementioned commercially relevant stressors, there is a need for additional support for the antioxidant system in poultry. This new direction in improving antioxidant defences for poultry in stress conditions is related to an opportunity to activate a range of vitagenes (via Nrf2-related mechanisms: superoxide dismutase, SOD; heme oxygenase-1, HO-1; GSH and thioredoxin, or other mechanisms: Heat shock protein (HSP)/heat shock factor (HSP), sirtuins, etc.) to maximise internal AO protection and redox balance maintenance. Therefore, the development of vitagene-regulating nutritional supplements is on the agenda of many commercial companies worldwide.

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“…The danger of IBD is associated with its immunosuppressive action associated with a loss of IgM-bearing B lymphocytes and the destruction of the bursa of Fabricius [ 72 ]. There is some evidence indicating that IBDV infection can cause oxidative stress in chickens [ 310 ], but regulatory roles of the antioxidant defense network in IBD need further elucidation.…”

Section: Effect Of Various Stress Factors On Nf-κb Expression Andmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There is no effective treatment for the disease, and poultry producers rely on vaccination and strict biosecurity as vital measures for controlling the spread of the disease [ 316 ]. It is known that NDV can cause oxidative stress in poultry [ 310 ]; however, the roles of redox homeostasis in ND development are poorly understood. In fact, intense inflammatory responses leading to excessive cellular apoptosis and tissue damage were shown to be a result of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) infection in poultry.…”

Section: Effect Of Various Stress Factors On Nf-κb Expression Andmentioning

confidence: 99%

Redox Homeostasis in Poultry: Regulatory Roles of NF-κB

2021

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Redox biology is a very quickly developing area of modern biological sciences, and roles of redox homeostasis in health and disease have recently received tremendous attention. There are a range of redox pairs in the cells/tissues responsible for redox homeostasis maintenance/regulation. In general, all redox elements are interconnected and regulated by various means, including antioxidant and vitagene networks. The redox status is responsible for maintenance of cell signaling and cell stress adaptation. Physiological roles of redox homeostasis maintenance in avian species, including poultry, have received limited attention and are poorly characterized. However, for the last 5 years, this topic attracted much attention, and a range of publications covered some related aspects. In fact, transcription factor Nrf2 was shown to be a master regulator of antioxidant defenses via activation of various vitagenes and other protective molecules to maintain redox homeostasis in cells/tissues. It was shown that Nrf2 is closely related to another transcription factor, namely, NF-κB, responsible for control of inflammation; however, its roles in poultry have not yet been characterized. Therefore, the aim of this review is to describe a current view on NF-κB functioning in poultry with a specific emphasis to its nutritional modulation under various stress conditions. In particular, on the one hand, it has been shown that, in many stress conditions in poultry, NF-κB activation can lead to increased synthesis of proinflammatory cytokines leading to systemic inflammation. On the other hand, there are a range of nutrients/supplements that can downregulate NF-κB and decrease the negative consequences of stress-related disturbances in redox homeostasis. In general, vitagene–NF-κB interactions in relation to redox balance homeostasis, immunity, and gut health in poultry production await further research.

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Oxidative Stress in Poultry: Lessons from the Viral Infections

Cited by 48 publications

References 148 publications

Characteristics of laboratory findings of COVID-19 patients with comorbid diabetes mellitus

Characteristics of laboratory findings of COVID-19 patients with comorbid diabetes mellitus

Antioxidant Defence Systems and Oxidative Stress in Poultry Biology: An Update

Redox Homeostasis in Poultry: Regulatory Roles of NF-κB

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