Oxidative stress in Egyptian children with autism: relation to autoimmunity

Mostafa, Gehan Ahmed; El-Hadidi, Eman S; Hewedi, Doaa H.; Abdou, Mohammed

doi:10.1016/j.jneuroim.2009.12.003

Cited by 98 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…A total of twelve papers were published over the last decade on ASD among Africans. [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14] These papers addressed various aspects of ASD like epidemiology, diagnosis, aetiology and knowledge among Africans and in African countries. Four of the papers came from Nigeria, three from Egypt, two from Sweden, and one each from Tunisia and Tanzania.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…7 Aetiology Six papers addressed aetiological factors for ASD among African children. Five of these based the proposed etiological factors on scientific methodologies [6][7][8][9][10][11] , while one assessed the opinion of healthcare workers about the aetiology of ASD. 12 Common aetiological factors proposed for ASD among African children included post-encephalitic infection or sepsis preceding onset of symptoms of ASD 6 , genetic and auto-immune factors 8,10,11 and vitamin D deficiency.…”

Section: Co-morbid Disordersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Five of these based the proposed etiological factors on scientific methodologies [6][7][8][9][10][11] , while one assessed the opinion of healthcare workers about the aetiology of ASD. 12 Common aetiological factors proposed for ASD among African children included post-encephalitic infection or sepsis preceding onset of symptoms of ASD 6 , genetic and auto-immune factors 8,10,11 and vitamin D deficiency. 9 The only study that assessed the opinion of healthcare workers on aetiology of ASD documented a very significant proportion (43 %) of the healthcare workers subscribing to preternatural and supernatural aetiological factors for ASD 12 , a finding further substantiating the inseparable spiritual beliefs of Africans and aetiological explanations of neuropsychiatric disorders.…”

Section: Co-morbid Disordersmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) in Africa: a perspective

Bakare

Münir

2011

Afr. J. Psych

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Background: The universal occurrence of autism spectrum disorders (ASD) was queried about twenty-six years ago. It was thought to occur only in western industrialized countries with high technological development. Over the last decade, knowledge about ASD and its prevalence has been documented as being on the rise in different regions of the world, with most literature coming from the western world -the situation in Africa on aspects of ASD remain unclear. Methods: Literature cited in Pubmed over the last decade on aspects of epidemiology, diagnosis, aetiology and knowledge of ASD in the African context were assessed. Keywords: autism, diagnosis, aetiology, knowledge and Africa were variously combined in the literature search. Results: No study specifically addressed the epidemiology of ASD in Africa. One of the two studies that were relevant addressed epidemiology of ASD in Arab countries, though included two Northern African countries. A higher proportion of non-verbal cases of ASD compared to verbal cases was documented in literature coming from Africa. Associated co-morbid disorders included intellectual disability, epilepsy and oculo-cutaneous albinism. Aetiological factors postulated included post-encephalitic infection, genetic and auto-immune factors, and vitamin D deficiency. Knowledge about ASD in Africa was noted to be low. Conclusion: There is a need for epidemiological studies in Africa to define the magnitude of the problem of ASD and the characteristics of children affected by ASD in this region. This would help in planning and might be helpful in answering the question of aetiology of ASD. Policy making needs to be directed at issues of childhood developmental disorders in Africa.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Co-morbid Disordersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Co-morbid Disordersmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) in Africa: a perspective

Bakare

Münir

2011

Afr. J. Psych

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“…A strong association between oxidative stress and autoimmunity was shown in a group of 44 Egyptian autistic children, 88.64% of whom had elevated plasma F2-isoprostane (a marker of lipid peroxidation) and/or reduced glutathione peroxidase (an anti-oxidant enzyme), compared to 44 age-matched controls. Anti-neuronal antibodies were found in 54.5% of the same cohort, implying immunomodulation (Mostafa et al, 2010). Several groups have hypothesized that oxidative stress is the mechanism by which prenatal LPS affects offspring neurodevelopment (Lante et al, 2008;Paintlia et al, 2008).…”

Section: Oxidative Stress and Prematuritymentioning

confidence: 90%

Perinatal Immune Activation and Risk of Autism

Theoharides¹,

Angelidou²,

Alysandratos³

et al. 2011

Autism - A Neurodevelopmental Journey From Genes to Behaviour

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“…[21][22][23] A case-control study in Egypt found that two markers (i.e., plasma F2-isoprostane and glutathione peroxidase) revealed increased levels of oxidative stress in 89% of children with ASD, and that the children with increased oxidative stress had higher odds of having antineuronal antibodies. 24 Another study found that an intracellular marker of the capacity to manage oxidative stress (the ratio between oxidized glutathione and oxidized disulfide glutathione) was reduced in lymphoblastoid cells of children with ASD. 25 This marker of detoxification capacity also showed a greater decrease in response to a challenge with a pro-oxidant in children with ASD compared to control children.…”

Section: Oxidative Stressmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving the Prediction of Response to Therapy in Autism

Bent

Hendren

2010

Neurotherapeutics

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Summary: Autism is a heterogeneous disorder involving complex mechanisms and systems occurring at diverse times. Because an individual child with autism may have only a subset of all possible abnormalities at a specific time, it may be challenging to identify beneficial effects of an intervention in double-blind, randomized, controlled trials, which compare the mean responses to treatments. Beneficial effects in a small subset of children may be obscured by the lack of effect in the majority. We review the evidence for several potential model systems of biochemical abnormalities that may contribute to the etiology of autism, we describe potential biomarkers or treatment targets for each of these abnormalities, and we provide illustrative treatment trials using this methodology. Potential model systems include immune over and under reactivity, inflammation, oxidative stress, free fatty acid metabolism, mitochondrial dysfunction, and excitotoxicity. Including potential biomarkers and targeted treatments in clinical trials for autism provides a potential method for limiting the heterogeneity of enrolled subjects, which may improve the power of studies to identify beneficial effects of treatments while also improving the understanding of the disease.

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Oxidative stress in Egyptian children with autism: relation to autoimmunity

Cited by 98 publications

References 38 publications

Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) in Africa: a perspective

Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) in Africa: a perspective

Perinatal Immune Activation and Risk of Autism

Improving the Prediction of Response to Therapy in Autism

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