Oxidative stress as a biomarker for monitoring treated celiac disease

Abstract

IntroductionHigh levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and impaired antioxidant defense systems lead to oxidative stress (OxS) and tissue injury in different intestinal and extra intestinal conditions, including celiac disease (CD). The aim of the present study was to investigate the role and potential use of ROS and other biomarkers of OxS in the clinical management of CD.MethodsWe collected duodenal specimens and blood samples from naïve patients (N-CD), patients on a gluten free diet (GFD) including responders (CD-GFD) and non-responders (NRCD).We measured plasmatic ROS production (electron paramagnetic resonance, EPR), lipid peroxidation (thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances, TBARS), protein oxidation (protein carbonyl, PC), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), nitric oxides and glutathione (GSH) in erythrocytes.ResultsFifty-four patients affected by CD were enrolled (17 N-CD, 18 CD-GFD and 19 NRCD; 44 F; age 44 ± 13 years). A significant increase of plasmatic OxS biomarkers (ROS, peroxidated lipids, oxidized proteins, and nitrate concentrations) and decrease of antioxidant species (TAC and GSH levels) were found in NRCD and N-CD compared to CD-GFD.Comparably, a significant direct relationship between the severity of duodenal atrophy, ROS production rates and TBARS was found; conversely, TAC and GSH presented an inverse correlation.DiscussionOxS is involved in CD tissue damage and correlates with the degree of duodenal atrophy. These findings suggest the possible role of OxS biomarkers as indicators of CD activity during the clinical follow-up.

PARK7 Diminishes Oxidative Stress-Induced Mucosal Damage in Celiac Disease

“…Oxidative stress and consequent accumulation of damaged intracellular macromolecules [ 19 , 20 ] are important components of mucosal deterioration and increased intestinal permeability of patients with CD [ 21 ]. Recently, Moretti et al reported that the production of ROS strictly correlates with the severity of intestinal damage; therefore, they recommended the routine determination of serum antioxidant capacity to monitor the efficiency of the gluten-free diet of patients with CD [ 22 ].…”

Brain Opioid Activity and Oxidative Injury: Different Molecular Scenarios Connecting Celiac Disease and Autistic Spectrum Disorder

“…Another interesting topic is represented by the many different studies that pinpointed a tight correlation between oxidative stress, ASD and CD. The accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), as well as the impairment of protective antioxidant systems, can lead to oxidative injury in many different circumstances, affecting intestinal and extra intestinal areas [ 120 ], so that some authors speculated about the use of oxidative stress biomarkers for the management of CD. On the other hand, recently Waligora et al have taken into account that neurological modifications occurring in ASD, such as intensity of emotional and behavioral symptoms, might be ascribed to oxidative damage [ 121 ] and considered ROS and biomarkers of oxidative stress as potential metabolic indicators for the development of appropriate programs of pharmacological therapy.…”

Literature-Based Enrichment Insights into Redox Control of Vascular Biology

“…These counter mechanisms describe the general processes that govern redox control. Moreover, the lack of redox control in the form of prolonged oxidative or reductive stresses has been linked to several disease states [117][118][119] including cardiovascular diseases.…”