Oxidative Stress and Antioxidative Defense System in Plants Growing under Abiotic Stresses

Sharma, Pallavi; Jha, Alok; Dubey, R. S.

doi:10.1201/9781351104609-7

Cited by 23 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…This is in accordance with previous studies where host-pathogen interactions ROS accretions endorse pathogen growth, disease development, and assist colonization on leaves. In genotype "Ju mei gui", little amounts of ROS post-inoculation were detected, signifying that the antioxidant enzymes uphold redox equilibrium and shield cells from ROS destruction [17,26].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Antioxidants avoid and shield the cell from the damage caused by free radicals, which help in sustaining the rate of oxidation reactions in a cell [15] and play a very critical role in mitigating the process of oxidation of other molecules [16]. To avoid the oxidative damage caused by these toxic ROS, the level of the endogenous antioxidant defense system is raised in higher plants [17]. Furthermore, Jasmonic acid (JA) is known to be involved in biotic stress amelioration in plants [18] and plays a key governing function in defense responses to necrotrophs [19], also contributing to reactions to insect and pathogen attacks [20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Histochemical and Microscopic Studies Predict that Grapevine Genotype “Ju mei gui” is Highly Resistant against Botrytis cinerea

Rahman

Ahmad

et al. 2020

Pathogens

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The necrotrophic fungus Botrytis cinerea causes devastating pre- and post-harvest yield losses in grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.). Although B. cinerea has been well-studied in different plant species, there is limited information related to the resistance and susceptibility mechanisms of Vitis genotypes against B. cinerea infection. In the present study, leaves and berries of twenty four grape genotypes were evaluated against B. cinerea infection. According to the results, one genotype (Ju mei gui) was highly resistant (HR), one genotype (Kyoho) was resistant (R), eight genotypes were susceptible (S), and fourteen genotypes were highly susceptible (HS) against infection of B. cinerea in leaves. Whereas in the case of B. cinerea infection in grape berry, three genotypes were found to be highly resistant, three resistant, eleven genotypes susceptible, and seven were highly susceptible. To further explore the mechanism of disease resistance in grapevine, we evaluated “Ju mei gui” and “Summer black” in terms of B. cinerea progression, reactive oxygen species reactions, jasmonic acid contents, and the activities of antioxidant enzymes in leaf and fruit. We surmise that the resistance of “Ju mei gui” is due to seized fungal growth, minor reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, elevated antioxidant enzyme activity, and more jasmonic acid (JA) contents. This study provides insights into the resistance and susceptibility mechanism of Vitis genotypes against B. cinerea. This will help for the selection of appropriate germplasm to explore the molecular basis of disease resistance mechanisms in grapevine.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Histochemical and Microscopic Studies Predict that Grapevine Genotype “Ju mei gui” is Highly Resistant against Botrytis cinerea

Rahman

Ahmad

et al. 2020

Pathogens

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“…Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are highly reactive and toxic components responsible for direct damage to lipids, proteins, carbohydrates and DNA, hence cause oxidative stress and diminished growth of organisms [ 13 , 54 , 63 ]. Oxidative stress can be defined as the exposure of molecules, cells or tissues to the excess level of oxidants (ROS), particularly to the free radicals [ 72 ]. Always there should be existence of an equilibrium between the production and the scavenging of ROS.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Calcium mediated nitric oxide responses: Acquisition of nickel stress tolerance in cyanobacterium Nostoc muscorum ATCC 27893

Verma

Pandey

Tiwari

et al. 2021

Biochemistry and Biophysics Reports

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Calcium (Ca 2+ ) and nitric oxide (NO) are potentially active and multitasking signaling molecules which are known to regulate abiotic stresses in plants, but their interactive role in the acquisition of metal stress tolerance in cyanobacteria remains elusive. In current study the signaling role of Ca 2+ (800 μM) and NO (10 μM SNP) on key physiological and biochemical attributes of the agriculturally and economically important cyanobacterium Nostoc muscorum ATCC 27893 subjected to Ni stress (2 μM) was examined. Results revealed that Ni at elevated level caused severe damages to the test organism but exogenous supplementation of Ca 2+ and NO efficiently mitigated its toxic effects and up-regulated the growth, pigment contents, rate of photosynthesis (whole cell oxygen evolution and Chl a fluorescence indices: Kinetic traits: ΦP 0, Ψ 0 , ΦE 0 and PI ABS , along with Fv/F 0 ), nitrogen metabolism (NO 3 ‾ and NO 2 ‾ uptake, nitrate:NR and NiR; and ammonia:GS and GOGAT; assimilating enzymes), and boosted the enzymatic (SOD, POD, CAT and GST) along with non-enzymatic (proline, cysteine and NP-SH) antioxidants. Whereas the increased values of energy flux traits: (ABS/RC, TR 0 /RC, DI 0 /RC and ET 0 /RC) along with F 0 /Fv, rate of respiration, oxidative stress biomarkers (SOR, H 2 O 2 and MDA), and activity of GDH enzyme exhibited lowering trends with application of Ca 2+ and NO. Further, addition of EGTA (Ca 2+ scavenger) and PTIO (NO scavenger) reversed the positive impacts of Ca 2+ and NO and worsened the toxicity of Ni on test cyanobacterium, but the damages were more pronounced under PTIO application that demonstrated Ca 2+ mediated signaling role of NO in Ni toxicity alleviation.

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“…In ordinary conditions, there's an appropriate balance between production and quenching of ROS, this balance may be disturbed due to some adverse environmental factors which reflect on increasing ROS levels and subsequently can initiate oxidative damage of proteins, lipids and nucleic acids [23]. Such oxidative damage can be avoided by the manipulation of enzymatic and non-enzymatic components of the anti-oxidative defense systems.…”

Section: Antioxidative Defense System Against Rosmentioning

confidence: 99%

When Oxygen Can Be Toxic? A Mini Review

Elshafei

2020

JALSI

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No one within the past later a long time had in intellect that the oxygen we breathe that contributes to sparing the lives of millions of patients and the most component of life has no harmful impacts on the body. Oxygen and water are the soul of living beings in common but beneath certain conditions such as weak immune status and lack of the body's ability to excrete natural antioxidants happens that the oxygen atom responds as a receptor for electrons, since its structure within the case of electronic soundness has two electrons that are not bound and as a result of progressive responses that create a few intermediate compounds. (Such as hydroxyl radical (•OH), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and superoxide anion (•O-2) that are hurtful to human’ organs and influence the extraordinary degree of cell division process and the physiological activities that it performs since it could be a capable oxidizer. These reactive atoms and free radicals inferred from atomic oxygen are called Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS). In spite of the fact that ROS play a key part as a flag-bearer in ordinary cell flag transduction and cell cycling, they have long been known to be a component of the immune reaction of safe cells to microbial invasion. ROS are created as byproducts during the mitochondrial electron transport of aerobic respiration or by oxido/reductase proteins and metal-catalyzed oxidation. The primary step in ROS generation is the reduction of atomic oxygen (O2) to anion superoxide (•O-2), is the antecedent of other responsive species. For this reason, the significance of normal cancer prevention agents has gotten to be vital to urge freed of the poisonous quality of ROS and particular antioxidant supplement ought to be given to improve the diet. Among the well-known antioxidants and cancer prevention agents are glutathione, vitamins C and D as well as enzymes such as, superoxide dismutase, catalase and peroxidase which contribute successfully to the disposal of these oxidizing substances.

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Oxidative Stress and Antioxidative Defense System in Plants Growing under Abiotic Stresses

Cited by 23 publications

References 1 publication

Histochemical and Microscopic Studies Predict that Grapevine Genotype “Ju mei gui” is Highly Resistant against Botrytis cinerea

Histochemical and Microscopic Studies Predict that Grapevine Genotype “Ju mei gui” is Highly Resistant against Botrytis cinerea

Calcium mediated nitric oxide responses: Acquisition of nickel stress tolerance in cyanobacterium Nostoc muscorum ATCC 27893

When Oxygen Can Be Toxic? A Mini Review

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