Oxidative Status of the Myocardium in Response to Different Intensities of Physical Training

Abstract

The intensity of exercise determines the metabolic pathway and the energetic substrate that is spent. Our study sought to identify the effects of different intensities of swimming on myocardial oxidative status and the blood lipid profile. Eighty Wistar rats (male and female) submitted to different intensities of a swimming regimen (low, LS; moderate, MS; or high, HS) for 16 weeks. Samples of blood and myocardium from the left ventricle were collected to determine lipid profiles and oxidative status. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidant capacity against peroxyl radicals (ACAP), lipid profiles and lipid peroxidation was analyzed. ROS levels and ACAP were higher in male rats than in female rats overall (p<0.05). However, ACAP in the myocardium was significantly elevated in LS female rats compared to the MS and HS female rats, which had a significantly lower ACAP compared to all other groups. LS and MS training in both sexes and HS training (in females) led to significant decreases in the heart’s lipid peroxidation. Amelioration of the lipid profile and reduction in oxidative damage contributed to a physiological state that benefits cardiovascular function in exercised animals. The results show that low and moderate intensity exercise promotes beneficial adaptations.

Effects on the Profile of Circulating miRNAs after Single Bouts of Resistance Training with and without Blood Flow Restriction—A Three-Arm, Randomized Crossover Trial

“…The majority of current studies adopting BFR training or interventions at 30% of the 1RM refer to an elderly or untrained population [18]. For a trained study population, a minority of studies in the literature suggest that 50% of the 1RM should be used to achieve a sufficient metabolic response [24].…”

“…Mechanisms involved in the exercise-mediated benefits of treating PAD are thought to be the suppression of inflammation [1], expression of pro-inflammatory immune cells [21,22], and the improvement of endothelial function [23]. Beyond that, physical training has the potential to promote additional vascularization [24,25].…”

Exercise-Induced Vascular Adaptations under Artificially Versus Pathologically Reduced Blood Flow: A Focus Review with Special Emphasis on Arteriogenesis

“…Beyond that, physical training has the potential to promote neovascularization in hypoxic and ischemic tissues, such as in the myocardium or peripheral limbs [40,41]. Two forms of neovascularization can be distinguished, angiogenesis and arteriogenesis.…”

Aerobic Exercise During Early Murine Doxorubicin Exposure Mitigates Cardiac Toxicity

“…There are a variety of potential therapeutic strategies that could be beneficial in reducing the amount of ROS produced in heart tissue when Doxo accumulates. Among these strategies is aerobic exercise, which is known to decrease oxidative stress in myocytes and other cells in the heart (14, 15). Importantly, reduction of oxidative stress and cardioprotection by aerobic exercise has already been validated in various preclinical models of cardiac injury including myocardial infarction, ischemia reperfusion, and heart failure (16).…”