Oxidative response to accumulation of trace metals in tissue of two bivalves, the Asian green mussel Perna viridis and the blood cockle Tegillarca granosa, living in Pattani Bay, Thailand

Abstract

Using bivalves to indicate aquatic pollutants was favorable to discerning negative effects of high levels of metal accumulation in tissue. Perna viridis and Tegillarca granosa along with seawater and sediments were sampled from three locations around Pattani Bay. Accumulation of nine trace metals (Cd, Co, Cu, Cr, Ni, Mn, Fe, Zn, and Pb) in seawater, sediments, and tissue as well as oxidative tissue response were evaluated. Metal bioaccumulation factor, biota‐sediment accumulation factor, and histopathology were also indicated. The present study found that P. viridis and T. granosa were macroconcentrators and bioaccumulative of Cd, and their tissue accumulation of Cd was strongly related to lipid peroxidation activation. P. viridis exhibits higher oxidative response than T. granosa, indicated by malondialdehyde, catalase, and reduced glutathione levels. Research has shown discernible negative effects of a high level of metal accumulation in tissue, and deformed and damaged tissues were presented in gills, digestive glands, intestines, and feet of P. viridis and T. granosa.