Oxidative potential of particulate matter 2.5 as predictive indicator of cellular stress

Crobeddu, Bélinda; Santiago, Leandro; Bui, Linh‐Chi; Boland, Sonja; Squiban, Armelle Baeza

doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2017.06.051

Cited by 179 publications

(136 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…These data suggest the role of the particle composition on the ultrafine OP that would warrant deeper chemical characterisation. We can speculate that metals are involved in OP, since the DNA scission can only occur through hydroxyl radical production that is known to be mediated by transition metals (Crobeddu et al 2017).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Aerosol characterisation including oxidative potential as a proxy of health impact

Josipovic

Leal-Liousse²,

Crobeddu³

et al. 2019

Clean Air J.

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This study aimed to characterise aerosols sampled in the vicinity of a major industrialised area, i.e. the Vaal Triangle. It included thedetermination of oxidative potential as a predictive indicator of particle toxicity. Aerosol samples were collated through the cascadefiltering during an eight-month period (12 h over three days in one week). Three size fractions were analysed for organic carbon(OC), black carbon (BC) and oxidative potential (OP), while ionic content was presented as monthly and seasonal concentrations. Thecontinuous measurement of black carbon by an optical attenuation instrument was collated concurrently with cascade filtering. Thecarbonaceous content was low compared to the ionic one. Within the carbonaceous concentrations, the organic carbon was higherthan concentrations of black carbon in both seasons in the ultra-fine fraction; the opposite was the case for the fine fraction, whilethe coarse fraction concentrations of organic carbon in the dry season had higher concentrations than black carbon in the wet seasonand organic carbon in the wet season. The OP tended to increase as the size was decreasing for wet season aerosols, whereas, forthe dry season, the highest OP was exerted by the fine fraction. The ultrafine fraction was the one showing the most contrasting OPbetween the two seasons. Continuous monitoring indicated that the higher BC concentrations were recorded in the dry/winter partof the year, with the daily pattern of concentrations being typically bimodal, having both the morning and evening peaks in bothseasons. Within the ionic content, the dominance of sulphate, nitrate and ammonium was evident. Multiple linear correlations wereperformed between all determined compounds. Strong correlations of carboxylic acids with other organic compounds were revealed.These acids point to emissions of VOC, both anthropogenic and biogenic. Since they were equally present in both seasons, a mixtureof sources was responsible, both present in the wider area and throughout the year.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…• the scission of plasmid DNA; • the consumption of dithiothreitol (DTT), a reducing agent, and • the depletion of antioxidants (AO): ascorbic acid (AA), uric acid (UA) and glutathione (GSH) in synthetic lung surfactant, according to the methods specified in Crobeddu et al (2017).…”

Section: Aerosol Oxidative Potential (Op) Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Aerosol characterisation including oxidative potential as a proxy of health impact

Josipovic

Leal-Liousse²,

Crobeddu³

et al. 2019

Clean Air J.

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“…In recent years, the oxidative potential (OP) of particulate matter (PM) has been proposed as a biologically relevant metric to be associated with a number of health endpoints and biomarkers of toxic effects in humans [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]. It is based on the increasing consensus that the oxidative stress is an important mechanism of human toxicity related to exposure to atmospheric aerosols.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of PM Oxidative Potential Measured with Acellular Assays in Urban and Rural Sites across Italy

2019

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This work is an overview of the oxidative potential (OP) values up to date measured in Italy, with the aim to provide a picture of the spatial and seasonal variability of OP in the various geographical areas across Italy. The summarized works used the common acellular assays-based dithiothreitol (OP DTT ), ascorbic acid (OP AA ), glutathione (OP GSH ), and 2 ,7 -dichlorodfluorescein (OP DCFH ) assays. The paper describes the association of OP responses with PM chemical composition, the sensitivity of various acellular OP assays to PM components and emission sources, and PM size distribution of the measured OP values. Our synthesis indicates that crustal and transition metals (e.g., Fe, Ni, Cu, Cr, Mn, Zn, and V), secondary ions and carbonaceous components (elemental carbon, EC, organic carbon, OC and water soluble carbon, WSOC) show significant correlations with OP across different urban and rural areas and size ranges. These chemical species are mainly associated with various PM sources, including residual/fuel oil combustion, traffic emissions, and secondary organic aerosol formation. Although the OP assays are sensitive to the same redox-active species, they differ in the association with PM chemical components. The DDT assay is mainly sensitive to the organic compounds that are mostly accumulated in the fine PM fraction, i.e., tracers of burning sources, and redox active organics associated with other markers of photochemical aging. In contrast, OP AA and OP GSH were mostly responsive to metals, mainly those related to non-exhaust traffic emissions (Cu, Zn, Cr, Fe, Ni, Mn, Sn, Cd, Pb), that are mainly accumulated in the coarse PM. Among the investigated sites, our synthesis shows larger OP values in Trentino region and the Po Valley, that may be explained by the high density of anthropogenic sources, and the orographic and meteorological characteristics, that favor the pollutants accumulation and aerosol photo-oxidative aging. ). The acellular version of the 2 ,7 -dichlorodfluorescein (DCFH) assay uses the enzymatic production of the fluorescent probe largely used for the evaluation of oxidative stress in living cells.The present work summarizes the PM oxidative properties up to date measured in Italy using OP acellular assays, with the aim of giving a general insight of PM OP across the Italian territory, that has not been reported yet, in spite of the increasing number of OP measurements carried out in Europe [6,[19][20][21][22]. In addition, the study reviews the association described in previous studies between OP from different assays with several inorganic ad organic components, that effect PM oxidative properties, i.e., metals, ions, and carbonaceous components. The aim is to give a picture of the spatial and seasonal variability of different contributions to OP in the various geographical areas across Italy. The relevance of such an investigation is based on the large variability in the chemical composition of different PM size fractions in various locations across Italy, as a consequence of the stron...

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“…Previous studies have revealed that different size ranges of PM can be emitted from various sources with different fingerprints [10,11]. PM from different sources might have different toxicological characteristics as well as different impacts on visibility, and radiative forcing, supporting the postulation that PM mass concentration is not the most appropriate metric to investigate the adverse effects of PM [12,13]. Therefore, source apportionment studies are quite beneficial in identifying different sources of PM, their corresponding chemical compositions and their link with toxicity, which can further be used by health authorities to develop policies to mitigate the detrimental health impacts of exposure to ambient PM.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sources and Temporal Variations of Coarse Particulate Matter (PM) in Central Tehran, Iran

et al. 2019

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In this study, we used the positive matrix factorization (PMF) model to evaluate the sources of ambient coarse particulate matter (PM) and their temporal variations in two sampling sites, i.e., a school dormitory and a retirement home, located in central Tehran. 24-h ambient PM samples were collected using low-volume air samplers from May 2012 to June 2013. The collected filters were analyzed for their chemical components, including water-soluble ions, metals, and trace elements, which were used as the input to the PMF model. Our results indicated annual averages of 45.7 ± 3.8 µg/m 3 and 36.2. ± 4.0 µg/m 3 for coarse PM at the School dormitory and Tohid retirement home, respectively. Moreover, higher ambient coarse PM mass concentrations were observed in the warm season (53.3 ± 5.8 µg/m 3 for school dormitory and 43.1 ± 6.1 µg/m 3 for Tohid retirement home) as opposed to the cold season (41.4 ± 4.7 µg/m 3 for school dormitory and 28.7 ± 4.6 µg/m 3 for Tohid retirement home). Our PMF analysis also identified road dust, soil, and industry, and atmospherically processed coarse PM as the three sources of ambient coarse PM in central Tehran. Road dust, soil, and industry were the major sources of ambient coarse PM, contributing respectively to 74 ± 9% and 19 ± 2% of the total coarse PM mass concentration, while atmospherically aged aerosols had a rather minimal contribution of 7 ± 1% to total coarse PM mass concentration. The temporal trends of the resolved factors also revealed higher contributions of road dust to total ambient coarse PM during warm season as opposed to cold season, due to the increased resuspension rate from road surfaces as a result of higher wind speeds, and temperatures, combined with lower relative humidity. Similarly, higher resuspension rate of mechanically originated particulates resulted in higher warm-season time contributions of the soil factor. Results of this study clearly revealed the key role of road dust and non-tail pipe emissions on ambient coarse PM mass concentrations in crowded areas of central Tehran, and have important implications on the potential health impacts that can be caused by these difficult to mitigate sources of coarse PM.

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Oxidative potential of particulate matter 2.5 as predictive indicator of cellular stress

Cited by 179 publications

References 29 publications

Aerosol characterisation including oxidative potential as a proxy of health impact

Aerosol characterisation including oxidative potential as a proxy of health impact

Review of PM Oxidative Potential Measured with Acellular Assays in Urban and Rural Sites across Italy

Sources and Temporal Variations of Coarse Particulate Matter (PM) in Central Tehran, Iran

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