Oxidative Nanopeeling Chemistry-Based Synthesis and Photodynamic and Photothermal Therapeutic Applications of Plasmonic Core-Petal Nanostructures

Abstract

The precise control of plasmonic nanostructures and their use for less invasive apoptotic pathway-based therapeutics are important but challenging. Here, we introduce a highly controlled synthetic strategy for plasmonic core-petal nanoparticles (CPNs) with massively branched and plasmonically coupled nanostructures. The formation of CPNs was facilitated by the gold chloride-induced oxidative disassembly and rupture of the polydopamine corona around Au nanoparticles and subsequent growth of Au nanopetals. We show that CPNs can act as multifunctional nanoprobes that induce dual photodynamic and photothermal therapeutic effects without a need for organic photosensitizers, coupled with the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and allow for imaging and analyzing cells. Near-infrared laser-activated CPNs can optically monitor and efficiently kill cancer cells via apoptotic pathway by dual phototherapeutic effects and ROS-mediated oxidative intracellular damage with a relatively mild increase in temperature, low laser power, and short laser exposure time.

Polydopamine-Enabled Approach toward Tailored Plasmonic Nanogapped Nanoparticles: From Nanogap Engineering to Multifunctionality

“…Notably, Nam and co-workers recently reported that HAuCl 4 causes degradation of PDA instead of experiencing localized reduction. 31 We reason that their use of HAuCl 4 rather than KAuCl 4 induced an acidic environment, in which catechol groups have weak reducing power. 29 …”

Hot‐Electron‐Mediated Photochemical Reactions: Principles, Recent Advances, and Challenges

“…The strong correlation between the EM field from anisotropic NPs and the enhanced catalytic performance was also supported by observations of concave Pd NPs, [47] Au nanodimers, [48] and Au/AuAg/Ag 2 S/PbS nanorods. [49] Given the strong correlation between EM field and hot electron-based plasmonic enhancement, some well-demonstrated plasmonic structures [50][51][52][53] that localize EM fields efficiently can be used to boost the hot electron-mediated catalytic efficiency. Nanogap-mediated surface plasmon coupling [54] is of particular interest since these structures show the strongest coupling efficiency.…”

Multifunctional UCNPs@PDA-ICG nanocomposites for upconversion imaging and combined photothermal/photodynamic therapy with enhanced antitumor efficacy

“…Among various combination therapeutic approaches, a current alternative combination strategy is to design one unit with simultaneous PTT and PDT, since PTT and PDT are two major phototherapeutic approaches required absorption of incoming light by a photosensitizer/reagent. 16,17 Although high therapeutic outcomes can be obtained via synergistic effects in most of the PTT/PDT combination therapy studies, there still exist several challenges that need to be addressed for their full utilization, including the absorption mismatch or energy transfer between photothermal agents and photosensitizers, the toxicity of nanoplatform, as well as complicated conjugation chemistry. 18,19 Therefore, it is highly desirable to develop a new convenient and effective PTT/PDT therapeutic strategy under single NIR light excitation.…”