Oxidative burden in familial hypercholesterolemia

Mollazadeh, Hamid; Carbone, Federico; Montecucco, Fabrizio; Pirro, Matteo; Sahebkar, Amirhossein

doi:10.1002/jcp.26466

Cited by 39 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 119 publications

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“…Oxidative stress and inflammation are important causes of cardiovascular disease [ 38 , 39 ]. Studies have shown that hyperlipidemia causes cardiac damage by increasing oxidative stress and that reactive oxygen species (ROS) play an important role in this damage [ 40 ]. Furthermore, it has been confirmed that excessive accumulation of ROS can transmit the signal to downstream ROS-sensitive signaling pathways, such as NF- κ B, ERK1/2, p38 MAPK, and autophagy-related signaling to induce pathological cardiac hypertrophy [ 41 – 44 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thymoquinone Protects against Hyperlipidemia-Induced Cardiac Damage in Low-Density Lipoprotein Receptor-Deficient (LDL-R-/-) Mice via Its Anti-inflammatory and Antipyroptotic Effects

Pei

Guo

Zhu

et al. 2020

BioMed Research International

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Hyperlipidemia is a risk factor for cardiac damage and cardiovascular disease. Increasing evidence has shown that dyslipidemia-related cardiac damage is associated with lipid accumulation, oxidative stress, and inflammation. Thymoquinone (TQ) is the major constituent of Nigella sativa, commonly known as black seed or black cumin, and is globally used in folk (herbal) medicine for treating and preventing a number of diseases and conditions. Several studies have shown that TQ can protect against cardiac damage. This study is aimed at investigating the possible protective effects of TQ on hyperlipidemia-induced cardiac damage in low-density lipoprotein receptor-deficient (LDL-R-/-) mice. Eight-week-old male LDL-R-/- mice were randomly divided into normal diet (ND), high-fat diet (HFD), and HFD and TQ (HFD+TQ) groups and were fed the different diets for eight weeks. Blood samples were obtained from the inferior vena cava in serum tubes and stored at -80°C until use. Some cardiac tissues were fixed in 10% formalin and then embedded in paraffin for histological evaluation. The remainder of the cardiac tissues was snap-frozen in liquid nitrogen for mRNA preparation or immunoblotting. The levels of metabolism-related factors, such as total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-c), and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), were decreased in the HFD+TQ group compared with those in the HFD group. Periodic acid-Schiff staining demonstrated that lipid deposition was lower in the HFD+TQ group than in the HFD group. The expression of pyroptosis indicators (NOD-like receptor 3 (NLRP3), interleukin- (IL-) 1β, IL-18, and caspase-1), proinflammatory factors (IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α)), and macrophage markers (cluster of differentiation (CD) 68) was significantly downregulated in the HFD+TQ group compared with that in the HFD group. Our results indicate that TQ may serve as a potential therapeutic agent for hyperlipidemia-induced cardiac damage.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thymoquinone Protects against Hyperlipidemia-Induced Cardiac Damage in Low-Density Lipoprotein Receptor-Deficient (LDL-R-/-) Mice via Its Anti-inflammatory and Antipyroptotic Effects

Pei

Guo

Zhu

et al. 2020

BioMed Research International

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“…In addition, abnormal OS contributes to metabolic disorders and carcinogenesis. Therefore, improvement of OS status may be prone to alleviate atherogenesis as well as diabetes mellitus and cancer …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improvement of oxidative stress status by lipoprotein apheresis in Chinese patients with familial hypercholesterolemia

Wen

Dong

et al. 2019

Clinical Laboratory Analysis

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Background and aims: Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) characterized by severe high blood cholesterol levels usually presents an imbalance of systemic oxidative stress(OS).Lipoproteinapheresis(LA),whichisthemosteffectivetherapytoreduce cholesterollevels,remainsunclearinalteringOSandscarceinChinesepatientstudies. OurstudyaimstoassesstheimpactofLAonOSstatusinChinesepatientswithFH.Methods: About31patients(22males,age:12-69years)withFHandreceivingLA treatment were consecutive enrolled. Free oxygen radicals test (FORT) and free oxygen radicals defense (FORD) values were determined using the free oxygen radical monitor and kit immediately before and after LA, while blood samples were collected to measure plasma lipid levels and hs-CRP by conventional methods. Data were analyzed by paired ttestorranksumtestandSpearman-rhocorrelationanalysis.Results: Besides plasma lipid levels, the OS status showed that FORTs were significantly decreased and FORD values significantly enhanced immediately after LA treatment compared with before (both P < .01). In addition, the correlation analysis showed that the removal rates (△%) of TC were positively related to the increased rates (△%) of FORD value (ρ = 0.513, P = .003); LDL-C to FORD (ρ = 0.39, P = .03); Lp(a) to FORD (ρ=0.473,P=.007);andnon-HDL-CtoFORD(ρ = 0.46, P = .009). However,nosignificantdifferenceinhsCRPwasfound.Conclusions: The present study indicated, besides effectively lowering plasma lipid levels,LAcouldsignificantlyimproveOSstatusinChinesepatientswithFH. K E Y W O R D S familial hypercholesterolemia, lipoprotein apheresis, oxidative stressThis is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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“…Oxidative stress is a leading mechanism of glutamate neurotoxicity and immune responses, which were shown to promote RGC death [39][40][41]. In the vasculature, oxidative stress is also a trigger factor of endothelial dysfunction in various cardiovascular diseases [42,43]. Hence, it is reasonable to assume that oxidative stress induced by IOP elevation may also affect the reactivity of blood vessels in the retina.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elevated Intraocular Pressure Causes Abnormal Reactivity of Mouse Retinal Arterioles

Gericke

Mann

Zadeh

et al. 2019

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

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Objective. Glaucoma is a leading cause of severe visual impairment and blindness. Although high intraocular pressure (IOP) is an established risk factor for the disease, the role of abnormal ocular vessel function in the pathophysiology of glaucoma gains more and more attention. We tested the hypothesis that elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) causes vascular dysfunction in the retina. Methods. High IOP was induced in one group of mice by unilateral cauterization of three episcleral veins. The other group received sham surgery only. Two weeks later, retinal vascular preparations were studied by video microscopy in vitro. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and expression of hypoxia markers and of prooxidant and antioxidant redox genes as well as of inflammatory cytokines were determined. Results. Strikingly, responses of retinal arterioles to stepwise elevation of perfusion pressure were impaired in the high-IOP group. Moreover, vasodilation responses to the endothelium-dependent vasodilator, acetylcholine, were markedly reduced in mice with elevated IOP, while no differences were seen in response to the endothelium-independent nitric oxide donor, sodium nitroprusside. Remarkably, ROS levels were increased in the retinal ganglion cell layer including blood vessels. Expression of the NADPH oxidase isoform, NOX2, and of the inflammatory cytokine, TNF-α, was increased at the mRNA level in retinal explants. Expression of NOX2, but not of the hypoxic markers, HIF-1α and VEGF-A, was increased in the retinal ganglion cell layer and in retinal blood vessels at the protein level. Conclusion. Our data provide first-time evidence that IOP elevation impairs autoregulation and induces endothelial dysfunction in mouse retinal arterioles. Oxidative stress and inflammation, but not hypoxia, appear to be involved in this process.

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Oxidative burden in familial hypercholesterolemia

Cited by 39 publications

References 119 publications

Thymoquinone Protects against Hyperlipidemia-Induced Cardiac Damage in Low-Density Lipoprotein Receptor-Deficient (LDL-R-/-) Mice via Its Anti-inflammatory and Antipyroptotic Effects

Thymoquinone Protects against Hyperlipidemia-Induced Cardiac Damage in Low-Density Lipoprotein Receptor-Deficient (LDL-R-/-) Mice via Its Anti-inflammatory and Antipyroptotic Effects

Improvement of oxidative stress status by lipoprotein apheresis in Chinese patients with familial hypercholesterolemia

Elevated Intraocular Pressure Causes Abnormal Reactivity of Mouse Retinal Arterioles

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