Oxidative and photooxidative degradation of poly(acrylic acid)

Shukla, Neelesh Bharti; Daraboina, Nagu; Madras, Giridhar

doi:10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2009.04.020

Cited by 20 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…To test for residual sodium sulfate and persulfate used as polymerization initiators in PAA synthesis and for residual acrylic acid monomers, an ion exchange chromatography method with conductivity detection ( Khan and Adewuyi, 2011 ) was applied. It turned out that most of the batches of commercial PAA contained such impurities ( Table 1 ), and that sodium persulfate could be detrimental to the heat stability of PAA, as already reported by others ( Shukla et al, 2009 ). This is of importance in the case of sterilization by autoclaving.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 71%

A potent novel vaccine adjuvant based on straight polyacrylate

Garinot

Piras-Douce

Probeck

et al. 2020

International Journal of Pharmaceutics: X

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A structure-activity study was conducted to identify the structural characteristics underlying the adjuvant activity of straight ( i.e. non-crosslinked) polyacrylate polymers (PAAs) in order to select a new PAA adjuvant candidate for future clinical development. The study revealed that the adjuvant effect of PAA was mainly influenced by polymer size (Mw) and dose. Maximal effects were obtained with large PAAs above 350 kDa and doses above 100 μg in mice. Small PAAs below 10 kDa had virtually no adjuvant effect. HPSEC analysis revealed that PAA polydispersity index and ramification had less impact on adjuvanticity. Heat stability studies indicated that residual persulfate could be detrimental to PAA stability. Hence, this impurity was systematically eliminated by diafiltration along with small Mw PAAs and residual acrylic acid that could potentially affect product safety, potency and stability. The selected PAA, termed SPA09, displayed an adjuvant effect that was superior to that of a standard emulsion adjuvant when tested with CMV-gB in mice, even in the absence of binding to the antigen. The induced immune response was dominated by strong IFNγ, IgG2c and virus neutralizing titers. The activity of SPA09 was then confirmed on human cells via the innate immune module of the human MIMIC® system.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 71%

A potent novel vaccine adjuvant based on straight polyacrylate

Garinot

Piras-Douce

Probeck

et al. 2020

International Journal of Pharmaceutics: X

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…PAA is sensitive to solar degradation. The photodegradation process is very fast in the case of unprotected PAA molecules, due to the random chain scission of the polymer backbone (Shukla et al, 2009). In the present case of PAA-LDH, the polymer was protected by the laminar structure of LDH.…”

Section: Thermal Stability Of Paa-ldhmentioning

confidence: 67%

An efficient strategy of managing irrigation water based on formulating highly absorbent polymer–inorganic clay composites

Berber

Hafez

Minagawa

et al. 2012

Journal of Hydrology

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“…The difference in Cremophor ELP concentration (1.6 wt% vs. 2.0 wt%) is not expected to have any effect on the stability of INP0341 in the gel, since the drug will be completely dissolved in Cremophor micelles in both cases. The rheological (PAA) stability is also not expected to be affected by differences in Cremophor concentration; PAA degradation is an oxidative process, and nonionic surfactants such as Cremophor ELP do not have any influence on such degradation [19] .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The viscosity of the 1.50 wt% PAA gel after 8 months of storage at 40°C was roughly the same as the viscosity of a freshly made 1.25 wt% PAA gel ( File S1 ). It is expected that there should be some decrease in viscosity upon storage, since PAA polymers are subject to oxidative degradation in aqueous solution [19] . The observed decrease in viscosity is however relatively small [7] , [18] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Formulation of the Microbicide INP0341 for In Vivo Protection against a Vaginal Challenge by Chlamydia trachomatis

et al. 2014

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The salicylidene acylhydrazide (SA) compounds have exhibited promising microbicidal properties. Previous reports have shown the SA compounds, using cell cultures, to exhibit activity against Chlamydia trachomatis, herpes simplex virus and HIV-1. In addition, using an animal model of a vaginal infection the SA compound INP0341, when dissolved in a liquid, was able to significantly protect mice from a vaginal infection with C. trachomatis. To expand upon this finding, in this report INP0341 was formulated as a vaginal gel, suitable for use in humans. Gelling agents (polymers) with inherent antimicrobial properties were chosen to maximize the total antimicrobial effect of the gel. In vitro formulation work generated a gel with suitable rheology and sustained drug release. A formulation containing 1 mM INP0341, 1.6 wt% Cremophor ELP (solubility enhancer) and 1.5 wt% poly(acrylic acid) (gelling and antimicrobial agent), was chosen for studies of efficacy and toxicity using a mouse model of a vaginal infection. The gel formulation was able to attenuate a vaginal challenge with C. trachomatis, serovar D. Formulations with and without INP0341 afforded protection, but the inclusion of INP0341 increased the protection. Mouse vaginal tissue treated with the formulation showed no indication of gel toxicity. The lack of toxicity was confirmed by in vitro assays using EpiVaginal tissues, which showed that a 24 h exposure to the gel formulation did not decrease the cell viability or the barrier function of the tissue. Therefore, the gel formulation described here appears to be a promising vaginal microbicide to prevent a C. trachomatis infection with the potential to be expanded to other sexually transmitted diseases.

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Oxidative and photooxidative degradation of poly(acrylic acid)

Cited by 20 publications

References 27 publications

A potent novel vaccine adjuvant based on straight polyacrylate

A potent novel vaccine adjuvant based on straight polyacrylate

An efficient strategy of managing irrigation water based on formulating highly absorbent polymer–inorganic clay composites

Formulation of the Microbicide INP0341 for In Vivo Protection against a Vaginal Challenge by Chlamydia trachomatis

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