Oxidation Rates of Commercial Elemental Sulfur Products Applied to an Alkaline Silt Loam from Arkansas

Slaton, Nathan A.; Norman, Richard; Gilmour, J. T.

doi:10.2136/sssaj2001.651239x

Cited by 46 publications

(35 citation statements)

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“…For instance, Slaton et al (2001) estimated oxidation rates of 0.02−0.06 % per day for three types of ES pastilles (with the lower value for the bigger pastilles and the higher value for smaller pastilles). Solberg et al (2005) measured SO 4 -S in soils incubated with different ES fertilisers and found very low SO 4 -S recoveries for various ES-bentonite products (<3 % of applied ES after 12 weeks), while fine ES powder mixed through soil showed SO 4 -S recovery around 50−60 % after only 6 weeks.…”

Section: Oxidation Rate Of Esmentioning

confidence: 99%

Availability of fertiliser sulphate and elemental sulphur to canola in two consecutive crops

et al. 2015

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Aims We compared elemental sulphur (ES) and sulphate fertilisers in terms of yield and S uptake. Methods Two consecutive canola crops were grown on 35 S-labelled soil amended with ammonium sulphate, ES-bentonite pastilles (90 % ES), or S-fortified ammonium phosphate (NP) fertilisers containing both sulphate-S and ES (5-8 % ES). The shoot yield, S concentration and specific activity of S in the shoot were determined. Results In the first crop, the yield was significantly lower in the control (without added ES) and ES pastille treatments than in the other treatments. Sulphur uptake was highly correlated with the added sulphate rate. In the second crop, the yield and S uptake was highest for the S-fortified NP fertilizers. The contribution of ES to the S uptake was circa 20 % in the first crop and 43 % in the second crop for the S-fortified NP fertilisers, but was negligible for the ES pastilles. Modelling indicated an oxidation rate of 0.6−0.7 % per day for the S-fortified NP fertilisers and 0.03 % per day for the ES pastilles. Conclusions The contribution of ES pastilles to S uptake was negligible in both crops. In contrast, Sfortified NP fertilisers showed a significant contribution of ES and higher S availability than sulphate-only fertiliser in the second crop.

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Section: Oxidation Rate Of Esmentioning

confidence: 99%

Availability of fertiliser sulphate and elemental sulphur to canola in two consecutive crops

et al. 2015

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“…Whereas S deposition to and consequences for forested ecosystems are unintended, S is purposely applied in many agricultural ecosystems-sometimes as a fungicide, but more commonly as a pH regulator and vital plant nutrient (8). Thus far, research examining S cycling in agricultural systems has focused on crop S demands (9)(10)(11)(12), the relative efficacy of sulfate (SO 4 2− )-supplying fertilizers (13), and the effect of elemental S (S 0 ) oxidation on soil pH and SO 4 2− availability (14,15).…”

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Transformations, transport, and potential unintended consequences of high sulfur inputs to Napa Valley vineyards

Hinckley

Matson

2011

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Unintended anthropogenic deposition of sulfur (S) to forest ecosystems has a range of negative consequences, identified through decades of research. There has been far less study of purposeful S use in agricultural systems around the world, including the application of elemental sulfur (S 0 ) as a quick-reacting fungicide to prevent damage to crops. Here we report results from a three-year study of the transformations and flows of applied S 0 in soils, vegetation, and hydrologic export pathways of Napa Valley, CA vineyards, documenting that all applied S is lost from the vineyard ecosystem on an annual basis. We found that S 0 oxidizes rapidly to sulfate (SO 4 2− ) on the soil surface where it then accumulates over the course of the growing season. Leaf and grape tissues accounted for only 7-13% of applied S whereas dormant season cover crops accounted for 4-10% of applications. Soil S inventories were largely SO 4 2− and ester-bonded sulfates; they decreased from 1,623 AE 354 kg ha −1 during the dry growing season to 981AE 526 kg ha −1 (0-0.5 m) during the dormant wet season. Nearly all S applied to the vineyard soils is transported offsite in dissolved oxidized forms during dormant season rainstorms. Thus, the residence time of reactive S is brief in these systems, and largely driven by hydrology. Our results provide new insight into how S use in vineyards constitutes a substantial perturbation of the S cycle in Northern California winegrowing regions and points to the unintended consequences that agricultural S use may have at larger scales.sulfur cycling | sulfur isotopes | hydrologic response | preferential flow | irrigation

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“…Granular elemental S fertilizers are now often used to prevent S deficiency on crops, but slower oxidation of elemental S in soil to plant available sulphate-S can reduce its effectiveness (Janzen and Bettany 1986;Slaton et al 2001;Solberg et al 2003;Malhi 2005). The response to S fertilization varies with crop species, soil type, climatic conditions, and S fertilizer type.…”

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Influence of six successive annual applications of sulphur fertilizers on wheat in a wheat–canola rotation on a sulphur deficient soil

Malhi¹,

Schoenau²,

Vera³

2009

Can. J. Plant Sci.

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. 2009. Influence of six successive annual applications of sulphur fertilizers on wheat in a wheat Á canola rotation on a sulphur-deficient soil. Can. J. Plant Sci. 89: 629Á644. A 9-yr (1999Á2007) field experiment was conducted on a S-deficient Gray Luvisol (Typic Cryoboralf) loam soil at Porcupine Plain in northeastern Saskatchewan. The objective was to compare the influence of six successive annual applications (1999Á2004) and the following residual effects for 3 yr (2005Á2007) of elemental S and sulphate-S fertilizers on yield, seed protein and total S concentration, and S uptake of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in a wheatÁcanola rotation. Treatments used were combinations of two application times (preceding autumn and before seeding in spring) with two granular elemental S fertilizers (ES-90 and ES-95), one fertilizer containing both elemental S and sulphate-S (Agrium Plus), ammonium sulphate, and a zero-S control. The S fertilizers were applied annually at a rate of 15 kg S ha (1 . From 1999 to 2004, seed yield (3 yr) and straw yield (4 yr), seed protein concentration (3 yr), total S concentration in seed (4 yr), and S uptake in seed (5 yr) and straw (5 yr) of wheat showed significant response to S fertilization. In the first year (1999), ammonium sulphate and Agrium Plus were more effective than ES-90 and ES-95. In the following years (2000Á2004), there was no significant effect of S source on seed and straw yield. Sulphate-S containing fertilizers produced greater total S concentration in seed and S uptake in straw (3 yr) and for S uptake in seed (1 yr). There was no effect of timing of S application on seed yield and protein concentration in any year, but autumn application was superior to spring application for straw yield and S uptake (1 yr), and for seed total S concentration and S uptake (2 yr). Residual effects of six previous S applications showed improvement in wheat seed yield until 2006, and straw yield and total S uptake until 2007. Elemental S, especially when applied in autumn, tended to have more lasting residual effects than the other S fertilizer treatments. There was some build-up of residual sulphate-S in soil in almost all S fertilizer treatments after four successive applications, but this was generally higher with sulphate-S-containing fertilizers. Recovery of applied S from 1999 to 2004 in plants was usually higher with sulphate-S fertilizer than with elemental S fertilizer in most years. Recovery of applied S in soil was higher for sulphate-S fertilizers, followed by ES-90, and finally ES-95. Residual nitrate-N in soil was significantly lower in spring-applied ammonium sulphate treatment than the zero-S or other S treatments.Key words: Elemental S, fertilizer, protein concentration, S uptake, sulphate-S, wheat, yield Malhi, S. S., Schoenau, J. J. et Vera, C. L. 2009. Incidence de six applications annuelles successives d'engrais soufre´sur le bled ans un assolement ble´-canola sur un sol carence´en soufre. Can. J. Plant Sci. 89: 629Á644. Les auteurs ont proce´de´a`une expe´rience de n...

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Oxidation Rates of Commercial Elemental Sulfur Products Applied to an Alkaline Silt Loam from Arkansas

Cited by 46 publications

References 13 publications

Availability of fertiliser sulphate and elemental sulphur to canola in two consecutive crops

Availability of fertiliser sulphate and elemental sulphur to canola in two consecutive crops

Transformations, transport, and potential unintended consequences of high sulfur inputs to Napa Valley vineyards

Influence of six successive annual applications of sulphur fertilizers on wheat in a wheat–canola rotation on a sulphur deficient soil

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