Oxidation of tritium in air under the action of intrinsic radiation

Belovodskii, L. F.; Gaevoi, V. K.; Grishmanovskii, V. I.; Nefedov, N. V.

doi:10.1007/bf01127434

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…In fact, the first-order rate constant determined for the present data at 0.01 Ci/m" is within a factor of two from that calcslated for the 100 Ci/m" data of Belovodskii et al 4 Yang and Gevantman 3 interpret their data to indicate that the isotopic exchange reactions are first-order-dependent on the dose rate and proceed via radical intermediates. Forther, for the range studied, external radiation exposures had no effect on the subsequent self-(tritium-decay) induced reaction.…”

Section: Self_cgtalyzgd_reactionssupporting

confidence: 80%

“…The ; and Belovodskii et al 4 In addition, for the present data which vary over about two orders of mf»B nitnde in tritium concentration, no significant concentration dependence is seen lot the calculated first-order rate constants, which are all within a factor of two of one another. In fact, the first-order rate constant determined for the present data at 0.01 Ci/m" is within a factor of two from that calcslated for the 100 Ci/m" data of Belovodskii et al 4 Yang and Gevantman 3 interpret their data to indicate that the isotopic exchange reactions are first-order-dependent on the dose rate and proceed via radical intermediates.…”

Section: Self_cgtalyzgd_reactionssupporting

confidence: 57%

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Radiation Catalyzed Conversion of Tritium Gas to Tritiated Water

Easterly

Bennett

1983

Nuclear Technology - Fusion

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DE83 0123 50 P6CTCWS iF TOSS BEPOBT ABE IL1EGIBLE.It Ms to reproduces* fram the best available eapy to permit the broadest passible availability. INTRODUCTIONThe conversion of gaseous molecular tritium (T2) to the water form (DTO) is accompanied by a potential increase in hazard to people. If the tritium is located where people actually come in contact with it, the conversion from Tj to HTO represents a potential increase in hazard by a factor of 2S,000. That is, the health risk from an inhalation exposure to 0TO is 25,000 greater than that for the same airborne concentration of T3. Conversion kinetics of tritium have been

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Section: Self_cgtalyzgd_reactionssupporting

confidence: 80%

Section: Self_cgtalyzgd_reactionssupporting

confidence: 57%

Radiation Catalyzed Conversion of Tritium Gas to Tritiated Water

Easterly

Bennett

1983

Nuclear Technology - Fusion

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“…В работе [22] также изучали кинетику автоокисления трития при комнатной температуре в его сме-сях с влажным воздухом и аргон-кислородной смесью (20% О 2 ). Эксперименты проводились при общем давлении газов 600-700 мм рт.…”

Section: радиационное автоокисление тunclassified

“…Таким образом, данные, полученные в работе [24] (высокая скорость процесса и образование перекиси на начальной стадии окисления), находятся в видимом противоречии с результатами работ [20,22].…”

Section: радиационное автоокисление тunclassified

Radiation-Induced Gas-Phase Reactions of Tritium: Kinetics and Mechanisms

Sazonov¹,

Mendeleyev²

2013

PAST-TF

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Одной из актуальных проблем эксплуатации крупных термоядерных энергетических установок является проблема органически связанного трития (ОСТ), образующегося в техногенных средах в результате радиационно-индуцированных реакций. Для её решения необходимо иметь по возможности наиболее полную картину эволюции химических форм трития. Последнее подра-зумевает знание их кинетики и механизмов. Настоящая работа посвящена газофазным реакциям трития в виде молекулярного водорода и воды, происходящим при смешивании его с другими газами. Проведён обзор литературы разных лет, установлено, что имеющиеся к настоящему времени экспериментальные данные носят ограниченный характер. На ряде примеров (Т 2 + H 2 (D 2 ), N 2 , CH 4 и C 2 H 6 ) продемонстрировано, что использование методов квантовой химии в сочетании с теорией абсолютных скоростей реакций приводит к корректным оценкам скорости превращений и выхода продуктов. Сделан вывод о возможности и целесообразности дальнейшей работы по формированию базы данных по кинетике реакций трития, инициированных его распа-дом, с использованием теоретических расчётов и экспериментальных данных радиационной химии.Ключевые слова: тритий, радиационно-индуцированные реакции, меченые соединения, изотопный обмен, радиолиз, органи-чески связанный тритий (ОСТ). RADIATION-INDUCED GAS-PHASE REACTIONS OF TRITIUM: KINETICS AND MECHANISMS A.B. Sazonov D. Mendeleyev University of Chemical Technology of Russia, Moscow, RussiaOne of the actual problems of operating large thermonuclear power installations is the problem of organically bound tritium (OBT) formed in technical media as a result of the radiation-induced reactions. To solve the problem it is necessary to have the maximally fullest picture of evolution of chemical forms of tritium; the last means our knowledge of kinetics and mechanisms of corresponding chemical transformations. The present work concerns gas-phase reactions of tritium in the forms of molecular hydrogen and water occurring when they are mixed with other gases. The review of the literature of different years is presented; it is found that experimental data available to the present moment have a limited character. On a number of examples (Т 2 + H 2 (D 2 ), N 2 , CH 4 and C 2 H 6 ) it is shown that the use of methods of quantum chemistry in a combination with the theory of absolute reaction rates results in correct estimations of transformation rates and products yields. The conclusion is drawn on possibility and expediency of the further work on formation of database on kinetics of tritium reactions, initiated by its decay, with the use of theoretical calculations and experimental data of radiation chemistry.Key words: tritium, radiation-induced reactions, labeled compounds, isotope exchange, radiolysis, organically bound tritium (OBT). ВВЕДЕНИЕРазвитие ядерной и термоядерной энергетики связано с необходимостью решения проблемы гло-бального загрязнения биосферы радионуклидами, образующимися в реакторе при делении или получае-мыми путём активации мишеней в потоке нейтронов. Одним из так...

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“…Tritium, Oxygen, and Argon Mixture Experiments with mixtures of tritium, oxygen, and argon were performed by Belovodskii et al [5]. In these experiments the main component gas was argon, the total pressure of the mixture was 6W700 nm, and the oxygen concentration was 20% of the total.…”

Section: Tritium Oxygen and Nitrogen Mixturementioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanism of HTO formation in gaseous tritium mixtures

Papagiannakopoulos

Easterly

1982

Int J of Chemical Kinetics

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The mechanisms for the conversion of molecular tritium gas to tritiated water are examined for tritium mixtures with (1) oxygen and nitrogen, (2) oxygen and argon, and (3) water and helium, for which previous experimental data exist. By analyzing results of these experiments in light of the radiation chemistry involved in a mixture of tritium and other gases, an understanding of the conversion mechanisms is reached. The formation of H and/or OH free radicals as intermediate species is of particular significance in the formation of HTO in that these radicals initiate a number of reactions which lead to the formation of water. These reactions are analyzed in terms of steady-state kinetics to obtain predictive models which can be judged against the experimental observations. For the three experimentally observed mixtures, model agreement is found to be within a factor of 2-3.

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Oxidation of tritium in air under the action of intrinsic radiation

Cited by 6 publications

References 3 publications

Radiation Catalyzed Conversion of Tritium Gas to Tritiated Water

Radiation Catalyzed Conversion of Tritium Gas to Tritiated Water

Radiation-Induced Gas-Phase Reactions of Tritium: Kinetics and Mechanisms

Mechanism of HTO formation in gaseous tritium mixtures

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