Oxidation of sulfide by Spartina alterniflora roots

Lee, Raymond W.; Kraus, David W.; Doeller, Jeannette E.

doi:10.4319/lo.1999.44.4.1155

Cited by 87 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 33 publications

(33 reference statements)

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“…Flow rates might be the potential environmental driver responsible for the difference between north and south mature marshes. The significant negative correlation between fauna diversity (as taxon richness, H¢, J¢) and positive correlation of R1 dominance with sediment organic matter and porewater sulfide (Appendix A) suggest that the main factor responsible for these changes is sulfide which is toxic to a number of plant and animal species (Lee et al 1999). Increased sulfide concentrations and reduced faunal abundances and taxon richness occurred in our clipping experiments, and persisted far longer than the 90 days presented here (Neira, unpublished data, A. C. Tyler, pers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of invasive Spartina growth stages on associated macrofaunal communities

et al. 2007

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In coastal wetlands, invasive plants often act as ecosystem engineers altering flow, light and sediments which, in turn, can affect benthic animal communities. However, the degree of influence of the engineer will vary significantly as it grows, matures and senesces, and surprisingly little is known about how the influence of an ecosystem engineer varies with ontogeny. We address this issue on the tidal flats of San Francisco Bay where hybrid Spartina (foliosa · alterniflora) invaded 30 years ago. The invasion has altered the physico-chemical properties of the sediment habitat, which we predicted should cause changes in macrofaunal community structure and function. Through mensurative and manipulative approaches we investigated the influence of different growth stages of hybrid Spartina on macrobenthos and the underlying mechanisms. Cross-elevation sampling transects were established covering 5 zones (or stages) of the invasion, running from the tidal flat (pre-invasion) to an unvegetated dieback zone. Additionally, we experimentally removed aboveground plant structure in the mature (inner) marsh to mimic the 'unvegetated areas'. Our results revealed four distinct faunal assemblages, which reflected Spartina-induced changes in the corresponding habitat properties along an elevation gradient: a pre-invaded tidal flat, a leading edge of immature invasion, a center of mature invasion, and a senescing dieback area. These stages of hybrid Spartina invasion were accompanied by a substantial reduction in macrofaunal species richness and an increase in dominance, as well as a strong shift in feeding modes, from surface microalgal feeders to subsurface detritus/ Spartina feeders (mainly tubificid oligochaetes and capitellid polychaetes). Knowledge of the varying influence of plant invaders on the sediment ecosystem during different phases of invasion is critical for management of coastal wetlands.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of invasive Spartina growth stages on associated macrofaunal communities

et al. 2007

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“…Like chemolithotrophic bacteria, perhaps Spartina, which is known to fix in its root system (Hwang and Morris 1992), is able to utilize sulfide as an energy source directly or indirectly. Lee et al (1999) also suggest that mitochondrial sulfide oxidation in Spartina roots may be coupled to oxidative phosphorylation. Spartina may also host chemolithotrophic bacterial symbionts.…”

Section: The Sulfide-spartina Dose Responsementioning

confidence: 99%

“…e.g., hydrogen sulfide, in the surrounding sediment. Also, the enzymatic and non-enzymatic oxidation of sulfide by Spartina roots has been documented (Lee et al 1999). The oxidized rhizosphere may also help scavenge nutrients, like phosphate and iron that will precipitate onto the root surface where they can be assimilated after solubilization by root exudates.…”

Section: Adaptations To Soil Anoxiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Eco-Physiological Controls on the Productivity of Spartina Alterniflora Loisel

Mendelssohn

Morris

2002

Concepts and Controversies in Tidal Marsh Ecology

167

209

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The intertidal salt marshes of the Atlantic and Gulf coasts of the United States are dominated by the perennial grass, Spartina alterniflora Loisel. The ecology of salt marshes in which this species dominates has been extensively investigated because of the documented biogeochemical functions that these ecosystems perform and the resulting societal values they provide. Since many of the salt marsh-derived values originate, either directly or indirectly, from the presence of a vegetated marsh and its primary productivity, it has long been a major goal of salt marsh ecology to elucidate the determinants of the growth of Spartina. This paper reviews the interaction of the abiotic environment with key eco-physiological processes controlling the growth of this important plant species. The productivity of Spartina can vary on both spatial and temporal scales. Spatial differences in productivity on a local scale are primarily determined by abiotic factors, particularly the interaction of soil anoxia, soluble sulfide, and salinity, with plant nitrogen uptake and assimilation. Also, Spartina can induce a positive feedback on productivity by enhancing substrate aeration. The growthenhancing effects of marsh infauna, e.g., fiddler crabs, are mediated through these interacting abiotic variables. Productivity differences on regional scales are largely dependent on geographical differences in climate, tidal amplitude, and soil parent material. Temporal variation results from seasonal and annual variation in climatic and tidal controls that may influence marsh salinity and/or inundation. The concerted research of a large number of scientists has provided one of the most comprehensive and ecologically-relevant analyses of determinants of the primary productivity of any nonagricultural plant species.

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“…The emergent structure of seagrass also traps passive particles including fine sediments and organic material, thereby contributing to landscape heterogeneity with elevated concentrations of fine sediments and organic matter (e.g., Fonseca and Fisher 1986). They also influence biological activity in sediments, by transporting oxygen to roots and thereby detoxifying sediments (Lee et al 1999).…”

Section: Facilitation/positive Interactionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Ecology of North Atlantic Shores: Do Differences in Players Matter for Process?

Jenkins

Moore

Burrows

et al. 2008

Ecology

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Abstract. The contrasting histories of the western and eastern shores of the North Atlantic Ocean provide an excellent opportunity to consider the implications of past events for present ecological processes and the functioning of marine ecosystems. Similarities and differences in assemblage composition have been driven by large-scale events, such as the trans-Arctic interchange, which has shaped the species pool, and cycles of glaciation, which have determined phases of local or regional extinction and colonization. More recently, anthropogenically induced invasions and local extinctions have significantly altered biogeographic distributions. Here we consider for both hard and soft substrata how the presence or absence of key taxa influences the outcomes of trophic and other biological interactions, and evaluate the consequences for community structure and ecosystem functioning. On intertidal hard substratum shores, biodiversity of epilithic microphagous grazers differs across latitudinal and longitudinal scales. Diversity is high in southern Europe but declines to the north and across the Atlantic. Lower diversity and the absence of patellid limpets in Iceland and the northwest Atlantic compared to Europe result in differences in consumer pressure, and an apparent contrast in the importance of herbivory vs. competitive interactions and predation pressure as community structuring processes. Interestingly, despite differences in ''process,'' community patterns are remarkably similar between the east and west. On soft sediment shores, there are conspicuous geographic differences in importance of bioturbators and large digging predators. Hemichordates can be abundant and important infaunal bioturbators in the western Atlantic, but they generally play a much reduced role in the eastern Atlantic. In addition, the number and diversity of digging predators on western Atlantic shores is high; the horseshoe crab, swimming portunid crabs, large whelks, excavating waterfowl, and an abundance of skates and rays exert intense predation pressure and associated biogenic disturbance to sediments. In Europe, except for excavating waterfowl these taxa are rare or absent. Thus, the importance of large, biological agents of disturbance is lower on European shores as a consequence of both recent anthropogenic pressure and natural processes over larger time scales. Consideration of key structuring taxa over the Atlantic shows that human-mediated transport has had considerable influence. Faunas on both sides of the Atlantic are becoming more similar to the point that some of the key differences in assemblage composition and hence community organization have blurred. Recent introductions as well as planned experimental manipulations provide the opportunity to understand the role of species identity in determining community structure and ecosystem functioning over large spatial scales; the North Atlantic may be an ideal test system to explore these areas.

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Oxidation of sulfide by Spartina alterniflora roots

Cited by 87 publications

References 33 publications

Influence of invasive Spartina growth stages on associated macrofaunal communities

Influence of invasive Spartina growth stages on associated macrofaunal communities

Eco-Physiological Controls on the Productivity of Spartina Alterniflora Loisel

Comparative Ecology of North Atlantic Shores: Do Differences in Players Matter for Process?

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