Oxidation of nitrite and hydroxylamine byAspergillus flavus, peroxidase and catalase

Molina, J. A. E.; Alexander, Martin

doi:10.1007/bf02328117

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Then, nitrite was not oxidized, but it could be assimilated or denitrified by isolates. This is consistent with previous studies that showed that only few fungi are able to accumulate nitrate in organic medium (Schmidt 1959;Hora and Iyengar 1960;Marshall and Alexander 1961;Doxtader and Alexander 1965;Molina and Alexander 1972). However, nitrate tests used in this study detected only amounts greater than 5 mg N-NO3% (350 pmol NO3-/L), which were elevated compared with nitrite measurements but in the range of nitrate values observed for heterotrophic nitrifiers.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Distribution, activity, and diversity of heterotrophic nitrifiers originating from East Pacific deep-sea hydrothermal vents

Mével¹,

Faidy²,

Prieur³

1996

Can. J. Microbiol.

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Nitrifiers (bacteria, n = 160) were enriched and isolated from samples of hydrothermal waters, sediments, invertebrate tissues, and chimney rocks collected from two East Pacific deep-sea hydrothermal vents (2000 m): the 13°N site and the Guaymas Basin. They were nitrite producers and seemed be widely and uniformly distributed in various parts of hydrothermal ecosystem. These bacteria grew and nitrified better heterotrophically than autotrophically and they possessed characteristics of heterotrophic nitrifiers. All were aerobic, mesophilic gram-negative rods with a unfermentative metabolism and 88% were nitrate reducers or denitrifiers. They were characterized by a high physiological and nutritional diversity, and because of their ability to ammonify, nitrify, and reduce nitrate, they could largely contribute to the nitrogen cycle in hydrothermal sites.Key words: hydrothermal vents, heterotrophic bacteria, nitrifying activity.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Distribution, activity, and diversity of heterotrophic nitrifiers originating from East Pacific deep-sea hydrothermal vents

Mével¹,

Faidy²,

Prieur³

1996

Can. J. Microbiol.

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“…Cytochrome bd –type oxidases have been implicated with nitrosative stress resistance due to their high NO dissociation rate ( 51 ). Furthermore, katA and katE encode catalases that may be involved in NO 2 − detoxification to NO 3 − ( 52 , 53 ). Glutathione production and salvage are encoded by gshA , gshB , and ggt and are involved in numerous stress responses.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydroxylamine production by Alcaligenes faecalis challenges the paradigm of heterotrophic nitrification

Lenferink,

Bakken,

Jetten

et al. 2024

Sci. Adv.

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Heterotrophic nitrifiers continue to be a hiatus in our understanding of the nitrogen cycle. Despite their discovery over 50 years ago, the physiology and environmental role of this enigmatic group remain elusive. The current theory is that heterotrophic nitrifiers are capable of converting ammonia to hydroxylamine, nitrite, nitric oxide, nitrous oxide, and dinitrogen gas via the subsequent actions of nitrification and denitrification. In addition, it was recently suggested that dinitrogen gas may be formed directly from ammonium. Here, we combine complementary high-resolution gas profiles, 15 N isotope labeling studies, and transcriptomics data to show that hydroxylamine is the major product of nitrification in Alcaligenes faecalis . We demonstrated that denitrification and direct ammonium oxidation to dinitrogen gas did not occur under the conditions tested. Our results indicate that A. faecalis is capable of hydroxylamine production from an organic intermediate. These results fundamentally change our understanding of heterotrophic nitrification and have important implications for its biotechnological application.

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“…On the A. faecalis genome, there are no genes that are homologous to the nitrite oxidase gene found in the autotrophic nitrite-oxidizing bacteria. Catalase-like nitrite oxidase (NiOx) has been reported in the heterotrophic nitrifying microorganisms Aspergillus flavus, Candida rugosa, and Bacillus badius 31 – 33 . The gene (AFA2_01914) encoding a catalase-like protein which shows sequence homology to the NiOx in B. badius 1–73 was found on the A. faecalis genome.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gene expression analysis of Alcaligenes faecalis during induction of heterotrophic nitrification

Tsujino

Dohra

Fujiwara

2021

Sci Rep

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Alcaligenes faecalis is a heterotrophic nitrifying bacterium that oxidizes ammonia and generates nitrite and nitrate. When A. faecalis was cultivated in a medium containing pyruvate and ammonia as the sole carbon and nitrogen sources, respectively, high concentrations of nitrite accumulated in the medium whose carbon/nitrogen (C/N) ratio was lower than 10 during the exponential growth phase, while the accumulation was not observed in the medium whose C/N ratio was higher than 15. Comparative transcriptome analysis was performed using nitrifying and non-nitrifying cells of A. faecalis cultivated in media whose C/N ratios were 5 and 20, respectively, to evaluate the fluctuations of gene expression during induction of heterotrophic nitrification. Expression levels of genes involved in primary metabolism did not change significantly in the cells at the exponential growth phase under both conditions. We observed a significant increase in the expression levels of four gene clusters: pod cluster containing the gene encoding pyruvic oxime dioxygenase (POD), podh cluster containing the gene encoding a POD homolog (PODh), suf cluster involved in an iron-sulfur cluster biogenesis, and dnf cluster involved in a novel hydroxylamine oxidation pathway in the nitrifying cells. Our results provide valuable insight into the biochemical mechanism of heterotrophic nitrification.

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Oxidation of nitrite and hydroxylamine byAspergillus flavus, peroxidase and catalase

Cited by 8 publications

References 11 publications

Distribution, activity, and diversity of heterotrophic nitrifiers originating from East Pacific deep-sea hydrothermal vents

Distribution, activity, and diversity of heterotrophic nitrifiers originating from East Pacific deep-sea hydrothermal vents

Hydroxylamine production by Alcaligenes faecalis challenges the paradigm of heterotrophic nitrification

Gene expression analysis of Alcaligenes faecalis during induction of heterotrophic nitrification

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