Oxidation of Indoleacetic Acid by an Extracellular Enzyme from
            <i>Polyporus versicolor</i>
            and a Similar Oxidation Catalyzed by Nitrite

Tonhazy, Nicholas E.; Pelczar, Michael J.

doi:10.1126/science.120.3108.141

Cited by 28 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…Nitrous acid also oxidizes IAA to a red color (39,40) which is very similar to that of the usual Salkowski reaction ; this is interesting because, like Mn+3, nitrite has been found ( 139) to initiate an oxygen-consuming oxidation of IAA at near-neutral pH which resembles enzymatic oxidation in several respects. Thus, there may be some chemical connection between the Salkowski reaction and the en zymatic oxidation.…”

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confidence: 87%

“…Phe1tolases.-Tonhazy & Pelczar (139 ) found that IAA was oxidized by an extracellular enzyme produced by the fungus Polyporus versicolor, with the same stoichiometry as in the peroxidase-catalyzed oxidations dis cussed above. However, they reported that no peroxidase activity could be detected in the preparations, although they must have contained powerful polyphenoloxidase activity (30).…”

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confidence: 93%

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Destruction of Auxin

Ray¹

1958

Annu. Rev. Plant. Physiol.

167

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A considerable amount of attention has been given to both the bio chemistry and physiology of auxin destruction in plants since the review of this topic by Gordon (54) in 1954 ; the present review deals largely with the progress in this field since Gordon's review. The greatest amount of reCent work has concerned the oxygen-consuming enzymes which destroy indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), and most of the discussion will necessarily be devoted to this aspect of the subject. An effort will also be made to survey other destruction mechanisms which are known, both for IAA and for other auxins. Finally, the relation between these processes and the physi ology of plants will be considered. CHEMISTRY OF IAA DESTRUCTIONPhotooxidation.-Brauner (17) followed riboflavin-sensitized photooxi dation of IAA simultaneously with (a) a H elianthus curvature test, (b) the Salkowski color reaction, (c) the change in pH, which accompanies decarboxyla tion, and (d) the Hopkins-Cole color reaction for the indole nucleus. He found that the changes in different assays did not run parallel, and interpreted the results as indicating that IAA photodestruction was occurring in three steps, the first converting IAA to a physiologically in active, Salkowski-positive acid, the second involving decarboxylation and loss of Salkowski reactivity, and the third forming a product of weak Hopkins-Cole reactivity. This conclusion might be partly questioned, be cause the bioassay showed evidence of being affected by riboflavin, and by illumination of the solutions, in such a way as to make calibration with pure IAA unreliable. However, other evidence also indicates the existence of II. sequence of reactions in photooxidation.Fischer (40) reported the detection, by chromatography and electro phoresis, of indole-3-carboxaldehyde (hereafter called indolealdehyde ) as a production of both ultraviolet and of riboflavin-sensitized photooxidation of IAA. From products of the latter reaction it was isolated by chromatog raphy and identified chemically. Another substance "E," having an RF between that of IAA and that of indolealdehyde, was also detected with the nitrite reagent (similar to the Salkowski reaction); it was isolated and reported to be identical with indole-3-glycolic acid. Fischer (40) ac-'The survey of literature pertaining to this review was concluded in October, 1957.• The following abbreviations will be used: DPNH, diphosphopyridine nucleo tide (reduced form); IAA, indole-3-acetic acid; IAN, indole-3-acetonitrile; 2,4-D, 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid. 81 Annu. Rev. Plant. Physiol. 1958.9:81-118. Downloaded from www.annualreviews.org by NORTH CAROLINA STATE UNIVERSITY on 09/25/12. For personal use only. Quick links to online content Further ANNUAL REVIEWS

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Destruction of Auxin

Ray¹

1958

Annu. Rev. Plant. Physiol.

167

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“…The enzyme isolated from pea and bean roots was shown to have a optimum between 6 and 7 (8, 10), but, on the other hand, enzymes from pineapple and from Omphalia had an optimum at pH 3.5 and were practically inactive above pH 6 (4, 7). Finally, an indoleacetic acid-destroying enzyme from Polyporus showed a pH optimum of 4.5 (9).…”

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confidence: 98%

“…The problem has recently been Physiol. Plant., 9,1950 reviewed by Larsen (6) and Gordon (3). Consequently the amount of auxin present in a plant organ must be dependent not only on the conversion of tryptophane but also on the destruction of the IAA.…”

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Differences in the Auxin Content of Wheat Roots Caused by Changes in the pH Value of the Nutrient Solution

Rufelt

Fransson

1956

Physiologia Plantarum

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This is a short communication concerning experiments which have been performed with the aim of testing whether an increase of the pH value in the root medium from pH 5 to higher values is followed hy a change in the amount of the short-time extractahle indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) in wheat roots.The wheat plants were cultivated in a nutrient solution of the following composition: Ca(NO3)2 lO"-* M, KNOg IQ-^ M, MgS04 5 • 10-* M, Fe3+citrate 10-^ M and KH2PO4 lO-** M. The pH of this solution was about 5.In the experiments the pH value was changed by means of a phosphate buffer. The plants were cultivated on a cloth net stretched tightly over a shallow dish containing the nutrient solution. The dishes were placed at constant temperature (22°C) and the plants were illuminated with 100 W fluorescent lamps, daylight type. The nutrient solution was renewed every morning and after three days the plants were used for the experiments.When an experiment was started, treatments were carried out in the following way. In one dish the solution was renewed (pH 5). In other dishes the solutions were changed to solutions with higher pH values (6, 6.5 and 7.5). In the solution of pH 7.5 there was always a precipitate of Ca-phosphate, which must have a buffering effect. In the experiment with 24 hours' treatinent the sohition was renewed twice during this period in order to avoid a shift in the pH. In two experiments the samples from pH 5 were accidentally lost during the analysis. Nevertheless the auxin content in the other portions are published, because in both cases two simultaneous treatments at different pH values were undertaken. Plwsiol. Plant., fl, 1956 [693]

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“…Recently, however, Reinert et a1. (1957) reported that cultures of normal cells of Picea glauca produce an extracellular IAA oxidase, as do various fungi (Sequeira and Steeves, 1954;Tonhazy and Pelczar, 1954) and etiolated pea epicotyl tissue (Hillman and Galston, 1957). Reinert et al suggested that the difference in auxin requirements of normal and crown gall tissues might be due to a difference in their production of this enzyme.…”

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Indole Acetic Acid Oxidase and Peroxidase Activities in Normal and Crown Gall Tissue Cultures of Parthenocissus Tricuspidata

Lipetz¹,

Galston²

1959

American J of Botany

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Lipetz, Jacques, and Arthur W. Galston. (Yale U., New Haven.) Indole acetic acid oxidase and peroxidase activities in normal and crown gall tissue cultures of Parthenocissus tricuspidata. Amer. Jour. Bot. 46(3) : 193‐196. Illus. 1959.—Normal and crown gall cells of P. tricuspidata grown in pure culture were examined for IAA oxidase and peroxidase activities. No IAA oxidase activity could be demonstrated in dialyzed or undialyzed homogenates of either tissue; however, crown gall tissue, but not normal tissue, was found to produce an extracellular IAA oxidase which required Mn++ and DCP as co‐factors. Normal tissue, but not crown gall tissue was found to contain high levels of substances which spared IAA from destruction by a pea IAA oxidase preparation. Peroxidase activity was found to be higher in normal than in crown gall homogenates, but crown gall tissue released considerably more peroxidase into the external medium. The differences in the auxin requirements and growth rate between normal and crown gall cells appear not to be easily explicable in terms of differential auxin destruction.

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Oxidation of Indoleacetic Acid by an Extracellular Enzyme from Polyporus versicolor and a Similar Oxidation Catalyzed by Nitrite

Cited by 28 publications

References 4 publications

Destruction of Auxin

Destruction of Auxin

Differences in the Auxin Content of Wheat Roots Caused by Changes in the pH Value of the Nutrient Solution

Indole Acetic Acid Oxidase and Peroxidase Activities in Normal and Crown Gall Tissue Cultures of Parthenocissus Tricuspidata

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