Oxidation of Cycloalkanes and Diesel Fuels by Means of Oxygen Low Pressure Plasmas

Abstract

Oxidation of eight liquid cycloalkanes and two diesel fuels has been studied by using a low pressure high voltage oxygen plasma. Naphthenes were individually oxidized to alcohols and ketones, O( 3 P) being the active species in the plasma. Tertiary C-H bonds were the most reactive. At long treatment times the main products suffered successive oxidation to produce two oxygenated groups in the same molecule. cis-Decaline was four times more reactive than transdecaline. For this two isomers and bicyclohexyl the conversions were the lowest, the yield of the tertiary carbon being between 40 and 80% of the total. Methyl-, ethyl-, and n-propylcyclohexane gave similar results. The reactivity of the two tertiary carbons of iso-propylcyclohexane amounted to c.a. 80%. This compound was the most reactive. Due to steric effects of the alkyl group, tertbutylcyclohexane showed low reactivity. Addition of 4.7-7.0 wt % of oxygen to the diesel fuels has been achieved in one-step process with the plasma.

Atmospheric Processing of Anthropogenic Combustion Particles: Effects of Acid Media and Solar Flux on the Iron Mobility from Fly Ash

“…Partial combustion processes can lead to larger particulate byproducts for some anthropogenic combustion processes, increasing the likelihood of particulate emissions. In fact, particulate emission decreases proportional to oxygen partial pressure or amount of oxygenated compounds during anthropogenic combustion processes. − No correlation was found between surface area and iron dissolution, suggesting that mineralogy and acid media are controlling the reaction over the surface contact interface.…”

Densities, Speeds of Sound, and Viscosities of Binary Mixtures of ann-Alkylcyclohexane (n-Propyl-,n-Pentyl-,n-Hexyl-,n-Heptyl,n-Octyl-,n-Nonyl-,n-Decyl-, andn-Dodecyl-) withn-Hexadecane

“…This class of hydrocarbons has the added benefit of having well characterized chemical kinetics of combustion . Compounds from the cycloparaffin category have included methylcyclohexane, n- propylcyclohexane, n- pentylcyclohexane, n -hexylcyclohexane, and n- heptylcyclohexane. ,,,− While many studies into the combustion of alkylcyclohexanes have focused on the smaller alkyl-side chains (methyl-, ethyl-, propyl-, and butylcyclohexane), Lai and Song investigated the products formed from the pyrolysis of alkylcyclohexanes with both short and long alkyl chains (methyl-, n- ethyl-, n- propyl-, n- butyl-, n- hexyl-, n- octyl-, and n- decylcyclohexane). ,− Alkylcyclohexanes with longer side chains, such as n- pentyl- and n- decylcyclohexane, have also been the focus of smog studies . The importance of cycloalkanes as fuel components has also stimulated research into producing them from biomass. , Because n- hexadecane and n -alkylcylohexanes are important for the development of surrogate fuels and can contribute to the understanding of fuel combustion and its modeling, the physical properties (density, viscosity, and speed of sound) of binary mixtures n- hexadecane with n- alkylcyclohexanes ranging from n- propylcyclohexane to n- dodecylcylohexane were measured.…”

Densities, Viscosities, Speeds of Sound, Bulk Moduli, Surface Tensions, and Flash Points of Binary Mixtures of Ethylcyclohexane or Methylcyclohexane with n-Dodecane or n-Hexadecane at 0.1 MPa

“…Some studies have examined the products formed during combustion. 21,22 Ethylcyclohexane produced more than 47 products in jet-stirred reactor experiments. 22 Kinetic modeling experiments of methylcyclo-hexane combustion and pyrolysis have found 40 submechanisms and have shown the radicals formed due to the process.…”