Oxidation mechanism of a Fe-9Cr-1Mo steel by liquid Pb–Bi eutectic alloy (Part III)

Martinelli, Laure; Balbaud-Célérier, F.; Picard, Gauthier; Santarini, G.

doi:10.1016/j.corsci.2008.06.049

Cited by 128 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…The oxides developed under experimental conditions were sufficient to protect the steel T91 from the direct contact with the static liquid LBE. The oxidation process of the steel in contact with oxygen which contains LBE was extensively studied in [15][16][17][18][19]. The authors described the growth mechanism of a double-layer oxide.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Oxide scales are known to be able to protect the structural alloys against the liquid metal corrosion [1,7]. The stability of this surface barrier and its long-term protective properties depend on the oxygen content in the environment (coolant) and mainly on the composition and microstructure of the exposed steel [15][16][17][18]. This work focuses on the evaluation of oxides developed on the steel T91 exposed to LBE.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characterisation of Oxides by Advanced Techniques

Duchoň

Halodová

Lorincink

et al. 2018

Acta Metall. Slovaca

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For the safe development of GenIV nuclear reactors, it is necessary to study the compatibility of structural materials with new coolants. Current work describes the behavior of ferriticmartensitic steel T91 in a Heavy Liquid Metal environment. Specimens were pre-stressed up to yield strength and subsequently exposed to the lead-bismuth eutectic (LBE) under static conditions for 2000 hours. The goal was to identify the susceptibility to crack initiation under selected experimental conditions. The examination of metal-LBE interface was done in a reference position of the sample using the SEM equipped with EDX. Formation of oxide scales observed on the interface had no signs of crack initiation. The oxide was characterized by a twolayer structure. A TEM lamella was created from the sample by a FIB in-situ lift-out technique and it was subsequently analyzed in HRTEM. Individual oxide layers were identified and characterized by SAED, EELS and EDS techniques. Finally, STEM-HAADF and EFTEM techniques were used to visualize the matrix-oxide interface.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterisation of Oxides by Advanced Techniques

Duchoň

Halodová

Lorincink

et al. 2018

Acta Metall. Slovaca

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“…This first paper is dedicated to the detailed description of the oxidation layers formed on T91 surface in all environmental conditions and their evolution with time. From these observations, a model of duplex oxide layer formation inspired by models already proposed in the past for 9 wt% Cr steels in CO 2 [8][9][10][11] and from a more recent model developed by Martinelli et al [12][13][14] for corrosion in oxygen saturated liquid Pb-Bi is proposed. The second article (part II) [15] focuses on the carburization phenomenon of T91.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Corrosion of 9Cr Steel in CO2 at Intermediate Temperature I: Mechanism of Void-Induced Duplex Oxide Formation

et al. 2011

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Under CO 2 exposure at an intermediate temperature, typically 550°C, 9Cr-1Mo steel forms a duplex oxide scale made of an outer magnetite layer and an almost-as-thick inner Fe-Cr rich spinel oxide layer. It is proposed that the inner Fe-Cr spinel layer grows according to a mechanism involving void formation at the oxide/ metal interface. The driving force for pore formation is the outward magnetite growth: iron vacancies are injected at the oxide/metal interface then condense into voids. The fresh metallic surface made available is then oxidized by CO 2 , which diffuses fast through the scale. The physical aspects, the integrity and the nature of the scale are shown to be very dependent on the oxygen potential existing in the environment.

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“…The relation between the thickness of Fe-Cr spinel layer Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 3 and that of the magnetite layer can be described as follows [12]:…”

Section: H the Dissociation Of Oxide Scales Is Neglectedmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The transition layer consisted of grain boundary oxides of chromia and chromite and fine oxide grains of a spinel structure precipitated inside laths [5]. Martinelli et al [12] focused on the growth kinetics simulation of a duplex oxide scale of a Fe-9Cr-1Mo martensitic steel (T91) in static liquid Pb-Bi. The magnetite layer growth is controlled by iron diffusion inside the Fe-Cr spinel and the magnetite lattice.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimation of Oxidation Kinetics and Oxide Scale Void Position of Ferritic-Martensitic Steels in Supercritical Water

Sun

Yan

2017

Advances in Materials Science and Engineering

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Exfoliation of oxide scales from high-temperature heating surfaces of power boilers threatened the safety of supercritical power generating units. According to available space model, the oxidation kinetics of two ferritic-martensitic steels are developed to predict in supercritical water at 400 ∘ C, 500 ∘ C, and 600 ∘ C. The iron diffusion coefficients in magnetite and Fe-Cr spinel are extrapolated from studies of Backhaus and Töpfer. According to Fe-Cr-O ternary phase diagram, oxygen partial pressure at the steel/Fe-Cr spinel oxide interface is determined. The oxygen partial pressure at the magnetite/supercritical water interface meets the equivalent oxygen partial pressure when system equilibrium has been attained. The relative error between calculated values and experimental values is analyzed and the reasons of error are suggested. The research results show that the results of simulation at 600 ∘ C are approximately close to experimental results. The iron diffusion coefficient is discontinuous in the duplex scale of two ferritic-martensitic steels. The simulation results of thicknesses of the oxide scale on tubes (T91) of final superheater of a 600 MW supercritical boiler are compared with field measurement data and calculation results by Adrian's method. The calculated void positions of oxide scales are in good agreement with a cross-sectional SEM image of the oxide layers.

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Oxidation mechanism of a Fe-9Cr-1Mo steel by liquid Pb–Bi eutectic alloy (Part III)

Cited by 128 publications

References 21 publications

Characterisation of Oxides by Advanced Techniques

Characterisation of Oxides by Advanced Techniques

Corrosion of 9Cr Steel in CO2 at Intermediate Temperature I: Mechanism of Void-Induced Duplex Oxide Formation

Estimation of Oxidation Kinetics and Oxide Scale Void Position of Ferritic-Martensitic Steels in Supercritical Water

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