The effect of the initial ␣-Al 2 O 3 particle size in the reactionbonded aluminum oxide (RBAO) process on the phase transformation of aluminum-derived ␥-Al 2 O 3 to ␣-Al 2 O 3 , and subsequently densification, was investigated. It has been demonstrated that if the initial ␣-Al 2 O 3 particles are fine (ϳ0.2 m, i.e., 2.9 ؋ 10 14 ␥-Al 2 O 3 particles/cm 3 ), then they seed the phase transformation. The fine ␣-Al 2 O 3 decreases the transformation temperature to ϳ962°C and results in a finer microstructure. The smaller particle size of the seeded RBAO decreases the sintering temperature to as low as ϳ1135°C. The results confirm that seeding can be utilized to improve phase transformations and densification and subsequently to tailor final microstructures in RBAO-derived ceramics.