Oxidation behaviors and nanostructure of particulate matter produced from a diesel engine fueled with n-pentanol and 2-ethylhexyl nitrate additives

Diesel particulate filter regeneration mechanism of modern automobile engines and methods of reducing PM emissions: a review

“…Another explanation was that the oxidation reactivity of soot was determined by many factors, which was more convincing. Wang et al (Wang et al 2021d ) (Wang et al 2020c ) supported this explanation by their research on the oxidation reactivity of aromatics to soot. For the mixed fuel of n-pentanol and diesel, the low content of aromatics reduces the generation of soot precursors and improves the reactivity of soot (Wang et al 2021d ).…”

“…Wang et al (Wang et al 2021d ) (Wang et al 2020c ) supported this explanation by their research on the oxidation reactivity of aromatics to soot. For the mixed fuel of n-pentanol and diesel, the low content of aromatics reduces the generation of soot precursors and improves the reactivity of soot (Wang et al 2021d ). However, when aromatics are mixed with diesel, the soot produced also shows high oxidation reactivity due to the disorder of structure (Wang et al 2020c ).…”

“…Due to the high oxygen content, the O/C ratio, sp 3 /sp 2 ratio and oxygen-containing functional group content of WOC soot were higher than those of diesel (Hu et al 2022a ) Diesel engine,8L biodiesel - Nanostructures was proved not to be the only factor affecting the structure of soot. It affected the oxidation reactivity of soot together with soot composition, oxygen content and surface functional groups (Zhang et al 2019a ) Diesel engine,8L Aref better Biodiesel derived soot aggregates had less chain orientation and were more disordered in structure than diesel derived soot (Zhang et al 2019b ) Diesel engine,2.77L 4-cylinder N-pentanol better The addition of n-pentanol resulted in the decrease of graphitization and the increase of disorder degree of nanostructures (Wang et al 2021d ) Diesel engine 4-cylinder Benzene better Compared with pure diesel, the soot nanostructures derived from aromatic mixed fuels become more disordered. Although the oxygen-containing functional groups of soot increase, the high oxygen concentration in the fuel improved the combustion environment, which would form more "mature" soot and reduce the reactivity of soot (Wang et al 2020c ) M-xylene better Tetralin better Diesel engine 4-cylinder Dimethoxymethane better Oxygen content improved the purity of graphene and amorphous carbon in soot.…”

Experimental investigation of 2-EHN effects upon CI engine attributes fuelled with used cooking oil-based hybrid microemulsion biofuel

“…The common reason for the formation of unburned hydrocarbon in alcohol blended biofuels is flame quenching at cylinder walls during combustion due to the high latent heat of evaporation of alcohol (ethanol (846 kJ/kg) and 2-butanol (585 kJ/kg)) (Saravanan et al 2012;Wang et al 2021). The higher concentration of 2-EHN is also one of the main reasons for higher UHC formation, which resulted in acceleration in air-fuel mixing rate and that reduces the premixed combustion phase, hence the incomplete combustion.…”

Filtration Efficiency and Regeneration Behavior in a Catalytic Diesel Particulate Filter with the Use of Diesel/Polyoxymethylene Dimethyl Ether Mixture

“…To comply with the current regulations on PM emissions, fuel modification [3,4], engine parameter optimization [5], alternative combustion concepts [6,7], and advanced engine aftertreatments [8] are the main approaches. It is commonly accepted that mixing with oxygenated fuels like alcohols, ethers, and esters can effectively decrease PM emissions [9][10][11][12]. From the perspective of combustion chemistry, less unsaturated hydrocarbons, particularly aromatics, of oxygenated mixture forms fewer soot precursors [13].…”