Oxidation behavior of 316L austenitic stainless steel in high temperature air with long-term exposure

Abstract

The oxidation behavior of 316L stainless steel exposed at 400, 600 and 800°C air for 100, 500 and 1000 h was investigated using different characterization techniques. Weight gain obeys a parabolic law, but the degree of deviation of n index is increasingly larger with the increase of temperature. A double oxide film, including Cr 2 O 3 and Fe 2 O 3 oxide particles in outer and FeCr 2 O 4 oxides in inner, is observed at 400°C. As regards to samples at 600°C, a critical exposure period around 100 h exists in the oxidation process, at which a compact oxide film decorated with oxide particles transforms to a loose oxide layer with a pore-structure. In addition, an oxide film containing Fe-rich outer oxide layer and Cr-rich inner oxide layer is observed at 600°C for 500 and 1000 h. Spallation of oxide scale is observed for all samples at 800°C regardless of exposure periods, resulting in different oxidation morphologies, and the degree of spallation behavior is getting worse. A double oxide film with the same chemical composition as 600°C is observed, and the thickness increases over exposure periods.

Structural Stability of Sandvik 3R60™ After 240 131 Hours Ageing and Creep Test at 700 °C

“…Hence, it can be concluded that no Mn spinel oxide was observed in the analyzed oxide layer. This is similar to that recently reported in 316L austenitic stainless steel, which was long term exposed to air at high temperatures (Huang et al 2020). The inner layer adjacent to the matrix; however, is rich in Cr and has been identified to be eskolaite (Cr 2 O 3 ).…”

Differentiation of specific wear rates of AISI 304 austenitic and AISI 2205 duplex stainless steels at room and high temperatures

“…The nearly identical contact surface temperature for both alloys suggests that the contact temperature and heat generation are influenced by the operating conditions rather than the stainless steel grades. The XRD technique showed that the formation of oxides started at 300 °C, which is, however, a low temperature for oxide formation, as shown by previous work, e.g., in Parthasarathi and Duraiselvam (2010) oxides started at 350 °C and in Huang et al. (2020) at 400 °C.…”

“…The decrease in SWR continued with increasing temperature up to 570 °C, due to the formation of more oxides on the worn surfaces. This is because oxide phases have high hardness and act as a self-lubricant that reduces friction ( Wang et al., 2019 ; Huang et al., 2020 ).…”

Laser Welding of AISI 316L Stainless Steel Produced by Additive Manufacturing or by Conventional Processes

“…Compared to standard steel, the composition of austenitic stainless steel includes a high amount of Cr and Ni. The Ni content not only stabilizes the austenite phase at low temperatures but also improves the corrosion resistance; 316L is protected from corrosion by a Cr 2 O 3 oxide layer [1] and therefore it is widely used in various industries. AISI 316L can be produced by conventional elaboration processes such as casting, rolling, and forging.…”