“…This complicated network of pipelines includes the necessity for usage of numerous and various pipe elbows (bends) and junctions for distribution, transportation, and change of the fluid direction. The pipe elbows are prone to the various damage mechanisms on both internal and external surfaces due to the exposure to fluids and external environments such as corrosion, erosion, erosion-corrosion fatigue, and different other combined damages [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14]. Frequently this leads to the burst in critical parts of piping systems, forced outages, and long term interruptions in operation.…”