Oxidation and biotoxicity assessment of microcystin-LR using different AOPs based on UV, O3 and H2O2

Physico-chemical treatment for the degradation of cyanotoxins with emphasis on drinking water treatment—How far have we come?

“…O3: 60 % in 30 min) but at the expense of producing toxic by-products [46]. It was observed that at a lower molar ratio of ozone and MC-LR (40:1), H2O2/O3 treatment produced an equivalent biotoxicity of 0.04 ppm Zn 2+ concentration as compared to 0.008 ppm when only O3 treatment was followed.…”

“…Use of chloramines reduces down the concentration of THMs and other chloro/bromo analogues and ensures better safety for the public. However,Nicholson et al, (1994) [46] it was found that the use 20 mg/L of monochloramine was only able to remove 17 % of cyanotoxin extracts (from the M.aeruginosa:mostlyMC-LR) in 5 days whereas chlorination showed non-detectable concentration of cyanotoxin extract (MC-LR) at a dose of 2 ppm and contact time of 30 minutes [54]. Chloramines have weaker oxidizing potential as compared to hypochlorous acid/hypochlorite ion and usually proceeds with the slower kinetic rate for MC-LR, CYN or anatoxins ( < 1 M -1 s -1 ) especially when NOM is in the background [51].…”

Photocatalytic inactivation of airborne bacteria in a polyurethane foam reactor loaded with a hybrid of MXene and anatase TiO2 exposing {0 0 1} facets

“…Ultraviolet (UV) irradiation, especially UVC, has been recommended to inactivate various infectious organisms due to its ability to inactivate airborne organism by effectively damaging their DNA [5] , [6] , [7] . However, other studies have reported that the “dead” state of bacteria caused by exposure to UVC irradiation may not be permanent.…”

A Method of Large-Scale Resource Utilization of Algae—Eutrophic Waste from Lake Chao, China: Preparation and Performance Optimization of Composite Packaging Materials

“…The algae from Lake Chao could be obtained as algae powder through simple mechanical and physical drying. The mode of production is of great significance for the resource The dominant species in the algal bloom is microcystis aeruginosa, which forms small molecular peptides and toxic substances in the algal cells [3,4]. This kind of algal toxin can cause protein over-phosphorylation in animals and induce significant changes in their cellular morphology, structure, and function, which can lead to liver tumors.…”