Oxidants and antioxidants in disease: Oxidative stress in farm animals

Lykkesfeldt, Jens; Svendsen, Ove

doi:10.1016/j.tvjl.2006.06.005

Cited by 613 publications

(492 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…Besides their roles in essential biological processes, including microbial killing by macrophages and neutrophils (Drö ge, 2002), ROS cause oxidative stress at high concentrations. Numerous diseases, including pneumonia, enteritis and sepsis, in pigs generate oxidative stress (Lykkesfeldt and Svendsen, 2007). As endogenous ROS are mainly by-products of metabolic processes, the level of oxidative stress can be an indicator of the ability of animals to sustain an adequate equilibrium between high metabolic performance and health status.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Health and immune traits of Basque and Large White pigs housed in a conventional or enriched environment

Merlot

Vincent

Thomas

et al. 2012

Animal

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Since decades, production traits such as growth rate, feed efficiency or body composition have been drastically increased in pigs by genetic selection. Whether this selection impacted animal robustness is still unclear. In this study, we compared Large White (LW) pigs, a breed submitted to intense genetic selection for production traits, and Basque (B) pigs, a local rustic breed, reared in two different housing environments (conventionalv.enriched). Adaptation to housing conditions among each breed was evaluated at the level of endocrine and immune traits. These are known to be impacted by housing conditions and breed; however, the interaction effects between genotype and environment are less described. Animals (20 per breed and housing environment) entered the experiment at 35 kg of live weight. Levels of cortisol, acute-phase inflammatory proteins, immunoglobulins and hydrogen peroxide, blood formula, lymphocyte proliferation andin-vitrocytokine expression were measured at ∼115 kg of live weight. Animals were checked for skin injuries during the growing period. At slaughter, at the average live weight of 145 kg, carcasses were examined for pathological conditions of the respiratory tract. The major result was that the two breeds exhibited differences in response to the housing environment. Among the 24 sanitary, endocrine or immune traits investigated, the housing conditions affected eight variables in both breeds (salivary cortisol at 0700 and 1900 h, severity of pneumonia at slaughter) or only in B pigs (severe skin lesions) or LW pigs (salivary cortisol at 1500 h, granulocyte numbers and lymphocyte/granulocyte ratio and lymphocyte proliferation). These observations strengthen the hypothesis that selection for high meat production level might be associated with an increased susceptibility of animals to environmental stressors.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Health and immune traits of Basque and Large White pigs housed in a conventional or enriched environment

Merlot

Vincent

Thomas

et al. 2012

Animal

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“…On the other hand, oxidative stress is commonly defined as an imbalance between oxidants and reductants (antioxidants) at the cellular or individual level (Lykkesfeldt and Svendsen, 2007). As excessive production of free radicals is controlled by cellular antioxidant defense systems, a quick reduction of antioxidant activity in plasma should be expected under stressful conditions.…”

Section: Stress Responses In Sheepmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Oxidative stress is commonly defined as an imbalance between oxidants and reductants (antioxidants) at the cellular or individual level (Lykkesfeldt and Svendsen, 2007). Excessive production of free radicals and concomitant damage at cellular and tissue levels are controlled by cellular antioxidant defense systems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stress responses to comparative handling procedures in sheep

Yardimci

Şahin

Çetingül

et al. 2013

Animal

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The objective of this study was to compare some husbandry procedures on the base of physiological stress parameters and evaluate the welfare status in sheep. Forty ewes were used as the study material. Measurements were taken during several routine husbandry procedures such as milking, shearing, weighing, loading and hoof care. Data regarding time spent for each application, as well as heart and respiratory rates were recorded during the applications. Blood samples were taken 15 min before and after each application and malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione-peroxidase (GSH-Px), cortisol T 3 and T 4 parameters were measured. In addition, changes in the same parameters between pre-and post-application periods were evaluated. According to the results, machine milking caused less stress than hand milking. No significant difference was seen between shearing methods for hand shearer or clipper; however, both applications caused stress in animals. The results for weighing methods of animals demonstrated significant differences in cortisol, T 3 and T 4 values in favor of traditional method. Cortisol, T 3 and T 4 levels were significantly higher in manual loading compared with loading by ramp. Regarding hoof care, all the examined parameters differed in favor of modern method. On the other hand, significant differences were determined between the stress parameters regarding pre-and postapplications. All values differed for hand milking while no significant difference was observed in MDA and T 3 values in machine milking group. Parameters in weighing groups changed significantly. For loading process, GSH, cortisol, T 3 and T 4 values differed in both treatment groups. With regard to hoof care, parameters except T 4 in laying group differed significantly. An increase occurred in minute-based measurements of heart and respiratory rates parallel to physiological data. The number of the respiratory rates during the applications differed except for the shearing process. All the parameters displayed significant differences between groups in terms of heart rates. Time spent for each application also differed between groups. Time saved for milking, shearing, weighing, loading and hoof care was 3.23 min, 4.37 min, 1.71 min, 7.85 s and 1.55 min, respectively. These results appear to provide a tangible advantage of using new husbandry methods to the breeders. It was concluded that using new methods in sheep husbandry procedures provided advantages in terms of saving time and reducing labor, as well as improved conditions for welfare of animals. In addition, it facilitated the routine works and flock husbandry.

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“…The considerable increase in oxygen requirements during times of increased metabolic demands results in an augmented production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). When the production of oxidants exceeds the capacity of the antioxidant defense, a state of oxidative stress is produced resulting in oxidative damage to macromolecules such as lipids, DNA and proteins [6]. Such damage can be a signifi cant underlying factor to dysfunctional host immune and infl ammatory responses that can increase the incidence of peripartum disorders during the transition period [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Supplemental Selenium Reduces the Levels of Biomarkers of Oxidative and General Stress in Peripartum Dairy Cows / Dodati Selen Snižava Nivoe Biomarkera Oksidativnog I Opšteg Stresa Kod Mlečnih Krava U Peripartalnom Periodu

Jovanovic

Velickovic²,

Milanović

et al. 2015

Acta Veterinaria

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The aim of this investigation was to determine the infl uence of oxidative stress upon general stress in dairy cows on parturition and whether the indicators of stress can be reduced by selenium (Se) supplementation.A total of 36 animals were divided into 3 groups 21 days prepartum and treated with a single-term intra muscular supplement of sodium selenite: Control group -0 mg; group Se10 -10 mg; group Se20 -20 mg.Se supplementation signifi cantly raised blood Se content and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity in groups Se10 and Se20, compared to Control, although there was no marked difference between supplemented groups. Plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) and cortisol concentrations were signifi cantly reduced in supplemented groups Se10 and Se20, compared to Control. A negative correlation was detected between blood GPx activity and plasma MDA, while a positive correlation was determined between plasma MDA and cortisol concentrations.These results indicate that prepartum Se supplementation can be utilized for a partial relief of stress in cows during labor by augmenting the antioxidative action of GPx.

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Oxidants and antioxidants in disease: Oxidative stress in farm animals

Cited by 613 publications

References 64 publications

Health and immune traits of Basque and Large White pigs housed in a conventional or enriched environment

Health and immune traits of Basque and Large White pigs housed in a conventional or enriched environment

Stress responses to comparative handling procedures in sheep

Supplemental Selenium Reduces the Levels of Biomarkers of Oxidative and General Stress in Peripartum Dairy Cows / Dodati Selen Snižava Nivoe Biomarkera Oksidativnog I Opšteg Stresa Kod Mlečnih Krava U Peripartalnom Periodu

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