Oxford–AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine: need of a reasoned and effective vaccine campaign

Vallée, Alexandre; Chan-Hew-Wai, A.; Bonan, Brigitte; Lesprit, Philippe; Parquin, François; Catherinot, Émilie; Choucair, Jacques; Billard, D.; Amiel-Taieb, C.; Camps, Eve; Cerf, Charles; Zucman, David; Fourn, Erwan

doi:10.1016/j.puhe.2021.05.030

Cited by 11 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…In Europe, on 15 March 2021, only 30 suspect cases of DVT had been observed [4]. However, on 22 March 2021, the ChAdOx1-S vaccine campaign resumed in many countries, including France [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Immunogenicity Report for the Comparison between Heterologous and Homologous Prime-Boost Schedules with ChAdOx1-S and BNT162b2 Vaccines

Vallée

Vasse

Mazaux

et al. 2021

JCM

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Background: There is a small amount of immunological data on COVID-19 heterologous vaccination schedules in humans. We assessed the immunogenicity of BNT162b2 (Pfizer/BioNTech) administered as a second dose in healthcare workers primed with ChAdOx1-S (Vaxzevria, AstraZeneca). Methods: 197 healthcare workers were included in a monocentric observational study in Foch hospital, France, between June and July 2021. The main outcome was the immunogenicity measured by serum SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies. Results: 130 participants received the ChAdOx1-S/BNT vaccine and 67 received the BNT/BNT vaccine. The geometric mean of IgG antibodies was significantly higher in the BNT/BNT vaccine group compared to the ChAdOx1-S/BNT vaccine group, namely 10,734.9, 95% CI (9141.1–12,589.3) vs. 7268.6, 95% CI (6501.3–8128.3), respectively (p < 0.001). However, after adjustment for time duration between the prime and second vaccinations, no significant difference was observed (p = 0.181). A negative correlation between antibody levels and time duration between second dose and serology test was observed for the BNT/BNT vaccine (p < 0.001), which remained significant after adjustment for all covariates (p < 0.001), but not for the ChAdOx1-S/BNT vaccine (p = 0.467). Conclusions: Heterologous and homologous schedules of ChAdOx1-S and BNT vaccines present robust immune responses after the second vaccination. The results observed were equivalent after adjustment for covariates and emphasize the importance of flexibility in deploying mRNA and viral vectored vaccines. Nevertheless, applying the ChAdOx1-S schedule vaccination for the heterologous second dose of BNT was associated with decreased IgG antibody levels compared to the homologous BNT/BNT vaccination.

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“…In Europe, on 15 March 2021, only 30 suspect cases of DVT had been observed [4]. However, on 22 March 2021, the ChAdOx1-S vaccine campaign resumed in many countries, including France [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Immunogenicity Report for the Comparison between Heterologous and Homologous Prime-Boost Schedules with ChAdOx1-S and BNT162b2 Vaccines

Vallée

Vasse

Mazaux

et al. 2021

JCM

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“…RNA vaccines were recommended for healthcare workers, people aged 80 years or older or affected by chronic conditions that increased the risk of complications in case of COVID; on the other hand, the recommendations about the use of viral vectored vaccines changed more times during the immunization campaign. Viral vectored vaccines were, at the beginning of the immunization campaign, recommended for people younger than 50 years old; in March 2021, these vaccines were suspended for the weeks following the news of some adverse events resulting from the immunization process, specifically thrombosis among young women [2] , [3] . Finally, viral vectored vaccines were recommended for people greater than 60 years; in fact, in this age class, the risk of vaccine related thrombosis seemed lower and, so, acceptable.…”

Section: Bodymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This cessation of the vaccine campaign with Vaxzevria, AstraZeneca vaccine, even if of short duration, has jeopardized trust in vaccines and may have contributed to delaying the deconfinement of the European countries. [3] .…”

Section: Bodymentioning

confidence: 99%

The public health and the question of the “best vaccine”

Tafuri¹,

Bianchi²,

Stefanizzi³

2022

Vaccine

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“…Moreover, there are several new COVID-19 mutations that are more prevalent among the younger peoples that have a higher infection rate [2]. Luckily, several of the developed vaccines like AstraZeneca, Pfizer, and Moderna have been proven to work well in reducing the number of infected cases even for these new COVID-19 variants [3]. Thus, the screening task of the COVID-19 cases is becoming more important so that high-risk patients can be identified immediately, which is a crucial step in breaking the infection chain of the virus.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Residual-Shuffle Network with Spatial Pyramid Pooling Module for COVID-19 Screening

et al. 2021

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Since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic at the end of 2019, more than 170 million patients have been infected with the virus that has resulted in more than 3.8 million deaths all over the world. This disease is easily spreadable from one person to another even with minimal contact, even more for the latest mutations that are more deadly than its predecessor. Hence, COVID-19 needs to be diagnosed as early as possible to minimize the risk of spreading among the community. However, the laboratory results on the approved diagnosis method by the World Health Organization, the reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction test, takes around a day to be processed, where a longer period is observed in the developing countries. Therefore, a fast screening method that is based on existing facilities should be developed to complement this diagnosis test, so that a suspected patient can be isolated in a quarantine center. In line with this motivation, deep learning techniques were explored to provide an automated COVID-19 screening system based on X-ray imaging. This imaging modality is chosen because of its low-cost procedures that are widely available even in many small clinics. A new convolutional neural network (CNN) model is proposed instead of utilizing pre-trained networks of the existing models. The proposed network, Residual-Shuffle-Net, comprises four stacks of the residual-shuffle unit followed by a spatial pyramid pooling (SPP) unit. The architecture of the residual-shuffle unit follows an hourglass design with reduced convolution filter size in the middle layer, where a shuffle operation is performed right after the split branches have been concatenated back. Shuffle operation forces the network to learn multiple sets of features relationship across various channels instead of a set of global features. The SPP unit, which is placed at the end of the network, allows the model to learn multi-scale features that are crucial to distinguish between the COVID-19 and other types of pneumonia cases. The proposed network is benchmarked with 12 other state-of-the-art CNN models that have been designed and tuned specially for COVID-19 detection. The experimental results show that the Residual-Shuffle-Net produced the best performance in terms of accuracy and specificity metrics with 0.97390 and 0.98695, respectively. The model is also considered as a lightweight model with slightly more than 2 million parameters, which makes it suitable for mobile-based applications. For future work, an attention mechanism can be integrated to target certain regions of interest in the X-ray images that are deemed to be more informative for COVID-19 diagnosis.

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Oxford–AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine: need of a reasoned and effective vaccine campaign

Cited by 11 publications

References 9 publications

An Immunogenicity Report for the Comparison between Heterologous and Homologous Prime-Boost Schedules with ChAdOx1-S and BNT162b2 Vaccines

An Immunogenicity Report for the Comparison between Heterologous and Homologous Prime-Boost Schedules with ChAdOx1-S and BNT162b2 Vaccines

The public health and the question of the “best vaccine”

Residual-Shuffle Network with Spatial Pyramid Pooling Module for COVID-19 Screening

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