Oxaliplatin-Based Intra-arterial Chemotherapy in Colo-Rectal Cancer Liver Metastases: A Review from Pharmacology to Clinical Application

Abstract

Liver metastases (LM) are often consequences of colo-rectal cancer (CRC)and the majority of patients have unresectable LM. Oxaliplatin-based intravenous chemotherapy represents the gold standard treatment for CRC. Intravenous oxaliplatin has several side effects i.e., nephrologic, hematologic and neurological toxicity. Moreover, hepatic arterial infusion (HAI) of antitumor drugs deeply modifies the treatment of LMCRC due to the knowledge that LM are perfused by the hepatic artery network, whereas healthy tissue is perfused by the portal vein. Therefore, oxaliplatin-based HAI becomes an interesting possibility to treat LMCRC. The aim of this review is to shed light on the important impact of the oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy from a non-conventional clinical point of view, considering that, being universally accepted its antitumor effect if administered intravenously, fragmentary information are known about its clinical applications and benefits deriving from intra-arterial administration in loco-regional chemotherapy.

Antitumor Activity of Ruthenium(II) Terpyridine Complexes towards Colon Cancer Cells In Vitro and In Vivo

“…In the present study, the cytotoxic effects and antitumor activity of two ruthenium(II) terpyridine complexes were compared to oxaliplatin (gold standard therapeutic for the treatment of colorectal carcinoma) [ 20 ] towards colon cancer cells in vitro and in vivo, to determine antitumor potential of ruthenium-based drugs in the therapy of colon carcinoma.…”

Antitumour immunity invoked by hepatic arterial infusion of first‐line oxaliplatin predicts durable colorectal cancer control after liver metastasis ablation: 8–12 years of follow‐up

“…11,12 Metastatic lesions in the liver are predominantly supplied by the hepatic artery. 15,16 Oxaliplatin exhibits favourable pharmacokinetic characteristics for a HAI regimen due to the high first-pass hepatic extraction rate. 15,16 Oxaliplatin exhibits favourable pharmacokinetic characteristics for a HAI regimen due to the high first-pass hepatic extraction rate.…”

“…13,14 The technique of therapeutic hepatic arterial infusion (HAI) was developed to deliver an antineoplastic agent at high concentration directly into the liver metastases without causing systemic toxicity. 15,16 Oxaliplatin exhibits favourable pharmacokinetic characteristics for a HAI regimen due to the high first-pass hepatic extraction rate. 17,18 Early-phase or retrospective studies have investigated the concept of using oxaliplatin as the HAI compound for isolated unresectable CLM with treatment toxicity, tumour response and survival as end points.…”

Colorectal Cancer Research: Basic, Preclinical, and Clinical Approaches

“…These mechanisms include the transcriptional regulation of DNA repair proteins [8]; the epigenetic regulation of the zinc finger E-box-binding homeobox 1 [9] and the expression of the (pro)renin receptor [10], , and calcium and calcium-activated potassium channels [12]; the contribution of immune cells in the tumor microenvironment [13]; and the identification of genetic aberrations that occur during the transition from adenoma to carcinoma [14]. The development of tools for preclinical research is also a key research area, such as the establishment of tumor models at the individual patient level [15] and the refinement of clinical approaches for improving the survival of patients with metastatic colorectal cancer [16][17][18][19].Review articles have summarized the latest developments of clinical issues related to the management of improving chemotherapeutic approaches for metastatic colorectal cancer [20][21][22], the characterization of the hallmarks of serrated colorectal lesions [23] and immune-mediated intestinal disorders that can be associated with small bowel carcinoma [24], as well as the current state of knowledge of specific facets of colorectal cancer research such as oncogenic tyrosine kinase signaling [25], integrin α6β4 [26], and epigenetic mechanisms by which long non-coding RNAs regulate gene expression [27].The variety of the content of this Special Issue devoted to colorectal cancer illustrates the need for investigating the cellular basis of this disease from every angle in order to develop efficient screening and treatment strategies that can significantly impact the quality of life of the patients. I would like to thank all of the authors that have contributed to the articles of this Special Issue for their work.…”

“…Review articles have summarized the latest developments of clinical issues related to the management of improving chemotherapeutic approaches for metastatic colorectal cancer [20][21][22], the characterization of the hallmarks of serrated colorectal lesions [23] and immune-mediated intestinal disorders that can be associated with small bowel carcinoma [24], as well as the current state of knowledge of specific facets of colorectal cancer research such as oncogenic tyrosine kinase signaling [25], integrin α6β4 [26], and epigenetic mechanisms by which long non-coding RNAs regulate gene expression [27].…”