Oxalic Acid

Riemenschneider, Wilhelm; Tanifuji, Minoru

doi:10.1002/14356007.a18_247.pub2

Cited by 24 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…The most synthesized targets per period are shown in Table 3. Organic acids such as oxalic and benzoic ones occur frequently; they are often used as synthetic intermediates (19). Hydrogen sulfide and uranium hexafluoride are examples of targets motivated by nuclear research in the post-WW2 period (20,21).…”

Section: Historical Trends For Substrates and Products In The Exploramentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploration of the chemical space and its three historical regimes

Llanos

Leal

Luu

et al. 2019

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Chemical research unveils the structure of chemical space, spanned by all chemical species, as documented in more than 200 y of scientific literature, now available in electronic databases. Very little is known, however, about the large-scale patterns of this exploration. Here we show, by analyzing millions of reactions stored in the Reaxys database, that chemists have reported new compounds in an exponential fashion from 1800 to 2015 with a stable 4.4% annual growth rate, in the long run neither affected by World Wars nor affected by the introduction of new theories. Contrary to general belief, synthesis has been the means to provide new compounds since the early 19th century, well before Wöhler's synthesis of urea. The exploration of chemical space has followed three statistically distinguishable regimes. The first one included uncertain year-to-year output of organic and inorganic compounds and ended about 1860, when structural theory gave way to a century of more regular and guided production, the organic regime. The current organometallic regime is the most regular one. Analyzing the details of the synthesis process, we found that chemists have had preferences in the selection of substrates and we identified the workings of such a selection. Regarding reaction products, the discovery of new compounds has been dominated by very few elemental compositions. We anticipate that the present work serves as a starting point for more sophisticated and detailed studies of the history of chemistry.history of chemistry | chemical space | chemical reactions | World War | structural theory

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Section: Historical Trends For Substrates and Products In The Exploramentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploration of the chemical space and its three historical regimes

Llanos

Leal

Luu

et al. 2019

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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“…It is noteworthy that most of the compounds produced can find suitable application in the alternative industry and most importantly as an important product for use as a biofuel. Oxalic acid derivative is an important component of dyeing industry: used as mordant and also used as a component in baking powder (Riemenschneider and Tanifuji 2011 ). Cubebene and its iso-forms have been used as an important component of herbal formulations and have recently drawn attention of the researchers for their neuron protective effect (Park et al 2013 , 2015 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of lignin-degrading enzymes (LDEs) from a dimorphic novel fungus and identification of products of enzymatic breakdown of lignin

2016

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Lignin is a major component of all plants, the degradation of which remains a major challenge to date owing to its recalcitrant nature. Several classes of fungi have been studied to carry out this process to some extent, but overall the process remains inefficient. We have isolated a novel alkalophilic dimorphic lignin-degrading Deuteromycete from soil, identified as “uncultured” and coded as MVI.2011. Supernatant from 12-h culture of MVI.2011 in optimized mineral medium containing lignin pH 9.0 was analysed for Lignin Peroxidase, Manganese Peroxidase and Laccase. Enzyme purification was carried out by standard protocols using ammonium sulphate precipitation followed by further purification by Gel Permeation Chromatography. Analysis of total protein, specific enzyme activity and molecular weight of the GPC-purified LiP, MnP and Laccase showed 93.83 μg/ml, 5.27 U/mg, 42 kDa; 78.13 μg/ml, 13.18 U/mg, 45 kDa and 85.81 μg/ml, 4.77 U/mg, 62 kDa, respectively. The purified enzymes possessed high activity over a wide range of pH (4–11), and temperature (30–55 °C). The optimum substrate concentration was 20 μg/ml of lignin for all the three enzymes. CD spectra suggested that the predominant secondary structure was helix in LiP, and, turns in MnP and Laccase. The breakdown products of lignin degradation by MVI.2011 and the three purified enzymes were detected and identified by FTIR and GC–MS. They were oxalic acid, hentriacontane, derivatives of octadecane, nonane, etc. These vital compounds are certain to find application as biofuels, an alternate energy source in various industries.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s13205-016-0384-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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“…Oxalic acid is another carboxylic acid which can be formed through electrocarboxylation, namely of CO 2 itself. This complexing agent has applications in cleaning industry, dyeing processes and metallurgy [ 152 ]. Besides its easy synthesis under anhydrous conditions in a cell with sacrificial anode, it can also be produced in a stable electrode setup, with current efficiencies over 50% ( Scheme 23 ) [ 153 ].…”

Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrocarboxylation: towards sustainable and efficient synthesis of valuable carboxylic acids

Matthessen¹,

Fransaer²,

Binnemans

et al. 2014

Beilstein J. Org. Chem.

163

130

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SummaryThe near-unlimited availability of CO2 has stimulated a growing research effort in creating value-added products from this greenhouse gas. This paper presents the trends on the most important methods used in the electrochemical synthesis of carboxylic acids from carbon dioxide. An overview is given of different substrate groups which form carboxylic acids upon CO2 fixation, including mechanistic considerations. While most work focuses on the electrocarboxylation of substrates with sacrificial anodes, this review considers the possibilities and challenges of implementing other synthetic methodologies. In view of potential industrial application, the choice of reactor setup, electrode type and reaction pathway has a large influence on the sustainability and efficiency of the process.

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Oxalic Acid

Abstract: The article contains sections titled: 1. Introduction 2. Physical Properties … Show more

Cited by 24 publications

References 20 publications

Exploration of the chemical space and its three historical regimes

Exploration of the chemical space and its three historical regimes

Characterization of lignin-degrading enzymes (LDEs) from a dimorphic novel fungus and identification of products of enzymatic breakdown of lignin

Electrocarboxylation: towards sustainable and efficient synthesis of valuable carboxylic acids

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