Oxadiazoles and phenylquinoxalines as electron transport materials

Bettenhausen, Jörg; Greczmiel, Michael; Jandke, M.; Strohriegl, Peter

doi:10.1016/s0379-6779(98)80035-0

Cited by 89 publications

(78 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…[23] Due to the high morphological stability of the spiro-linked compounds the devices still operate at temperatures well above 100 C. Some of the hole-transporting compounds shown above (for instance compounds 4a±e) and many other star-shaped compounds have also been successfully used in multilayer OLEDs. [7] Electron-transporting molecular glasses such as (Alq 3 ), oxadiazoles, [98,130] and phenylquinoxalines [100] enable the balancing of charge transport in OLEDs and thus improve their characteristics.…”

Section: Organic Light-emitting Diodesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They were applied in two-layer electroluminescent devices. [98,101] Devices containing a layer of 1,3,5-tris(3-phenylquinoxaline-2-yl)benzene (14) and a poly(1,4-phenylenvinylene) (PPV) layer showed improved quantum efficiency compared to that of the PPV single-layer devices. The electron-transport properties of the two tris(phenylquinoxalines) shown below have been investigated by the TOF technique.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Charge-Transporting Molecular Glasses

Strohriegl¹,

2002

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Among organic materials vitrification for many years was regarded mainly as a privilege of polymers. However, recently a lot of attention is paid to organic low molar mass compounds that readily form glasses above room temperature. Such compounds are called molecular glasses or amorphous molecular materials. Among these materials the most widely studied are charge‐transporting molecular glasses used in copiers and laser printers, organic light‐emitting diodes, photovoltaic devices, and as photorefractive materials. Two types of molecular glasses, i.e., p‐type (hole‐transporting), and n‐type (electron‐transporting) are discussed. Work of the laboratories of the authors is emphasized. In addition, an overview of current and potential applications for these materials is presented.

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Section: Organic Light-emitting Diodesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

Charge-Transporting Molecular Glasses

Strohriegl¹,

2002

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“…They find applications as dyes [1][2][3], as fluorescent materials [4][5][6] and as organic light emitting devices [7][8][9][10][11][12][13]. Quinoxaline derivatives exhibit a broad spectrum of biological activities [14,15] and find place in the chemical libraries for DNA binding [16,17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A novel fluorescent bisazomethine dye derived from 3-hydroxyquinoxaline-2-carboxaldehyde and 2,3-diaminomaleonitrile

et al. 2009

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a b s t r a c tA novel bisazomethine Schiff base was synthesised by the condensation of 3-hydroxyquinoxaline-2-carboxaldehyde and 2,3-diaminomaleonitrile. 1 H NMR, 13 C NMR, HPLC and FT-IR studies revealed that the compound exists in two major tautomeric forms. The Schiff base exhibits positive absorption and fluorescent solvatochromism and displays dual fluorescence with large stoke shifts. Cyclic voltammetric analysis of the compound in 1:1 methanol-THF was influenced by scan rate. Thermal analysis of the compound was undertaken using TG-DTA and DSC.

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“…Details about synthesis, and thermal and mechanical properties of polyphenylquinoxalines have been reported by Wrasidlo and Augl 7 and by other authors. [8][9][10] Since the materials are used as thin films, their optical properties are determined, in general, by the thin film geometry and processing techniques. It is, therefore, important to directly examine material parameters of these thin films rather than infer them from bulk measurements.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polarization-dependent optical characterization of poly(phenylquinoxaline) thin films

Ksianzou¹,

Velagapudi²,

Grimm³

et al. 2006

Journal of Applied Physics

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Linear optical properties of two types of poly͑phenylquinoxaline͒ ͑PPQ͒ are studied by multiwavelength prism coupling technique and optical absorption spectroscopy. Surface roughness measurements are done using atomic force microscopy. PPQs form smooth films of high optical quality having refractive indices above 1.7 in the visible and near infrared spectral ranges. Enhanced birefringence of ⌬n ϳ 0.04 has been observed in both PPQ films prepared by spin coating. Sellmeier coefficients are derived for the wavelength range starting from 0.532 to 1.064 m for both TE and TM polarizations. Quantum chemical calculations both on the semiempirical and on the ab initio level are carried out in order to calculate the first-order molecular polarizability tensors of the polymer repeat units. From the obtained tensor elements, theoretical values for both the average refractive indices and the maximum expectable birefringence are calculated. Based on these values a more detailed interpretation of the experimental findings is carried out. The dispersion of refractive index is quantified by the value of Abbe's constant ͑ d ͒. In our case the value d Ϸ 11 indicates high dispersion in the visible spectral range. The imaginary part k of the complex refractive index n * = n − ik reaches values of k ഛ 10 −3 in the wavelength range from 0.5 to 1 m.

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Oxadiazoles and phenylquinoxalines as electron transport materials

Cited by 89 publications

References 19 publications

Charge-Transporting Molecular Glasses

Charge-Transporting Molecular Glasses

A novel fluorescent bisazomethine dye derived from 3-hydroxyquinoxaline-2-carboxaldehyde and 2,3-diaminomaleonitrile

Polarization-dependent optical characterization of poly(phenylquinoxaline) thin films

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