Oxacillin- and Quinolone-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus in Sao Paulo, Brazil: A Multicenter Molecular Epidemiology Study

Sader, Hélio S.; Pignatari, Antônio Carlos Campos; Hollis, Richard J.; Leme, Ivani Lúcia; Jones, Ronald N.

doi:10.1086/646731

Cited by 19 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…MRSA infections are a growing problem, especially in regions where the rates of resistance to antistaphylococcal antibiotics are high [35], as in Brazil Characterization of the BEC in Brazilian Hospitals [7][8][9][10][11]. Resistance to multiple antibiotics increases the ability of bacteria to survive the antimicrobial selective pressure in hospitals [35].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the same way, several other conditions facilitate the spread of the BEC or other multidrug-resistant bacteria from one hospital to another and between cities or states in Brazil. Among these are 1) overcrowding in hospitals; 2) transferring patients between hospitals, sometimes in different cities; and 3) a lack of effective hospital infection control committees and control of the use of broadspectrum antibiotics [7,8,10].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Brazil, Staphylococcus aureus is the microorganism most frequently isolated from nosocomial infections, and the prevalence of the isolation of MRSA strains varies from 40% to 80% in most Brazilian hospitals [7][8][9]. These isolates are generally resistant to aminoglycosides, chloramphenicol, lincosamides, macrolides, quinolones, sulphamethoxazoletrimethoprim, and tetracycline, with greater susceptibility only to rifampin [10][11][12].…”

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confidence: 99%

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Characterization of the Brazilian endemic clone of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) from hospitals throughout Brazil

Oliveira¹,

Faria²,

Levy³

et al. 2001

Braz J Infect Dis

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The objective of this study was to characterize patterns of the Brazilian endemic clone of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) from hospitals throughout Brazil. We studied 83 MRSA strains isolated from patients hospitalized in 27 public and private hospitals in 19 cities located in 14 Brazilian states from September, 1995, to June, 1997. The MRSA strains were typed using antibiograms, bacteriophage typing and pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). The analysis of genomic DNA by PFGE showed that 65 isolates presented the same PFGE pattern. This pattern was present in all of the hospitals studied indicating the presence of an endemic MRSA clone widely disseminated throughout Brazilian hospitals (BEC). All isolates belonging to the BEC proved to be resistant to ciprofloxacin, erythromycin, lincomycin, trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole, and tetracycline. Variable susceptibility to these drugs was found only in isolates belonging to clones other than the BEC. The results show that, among MRSA, the BEC is common in Brazil. The best method for mapping changes in the frequency of this clone among MRSA is pulsed field gel electrophoresis. Use of molecular mapping is an important tool for monitoring the spread of potentially dangerous microbes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characterization of the Brazilian endemic clone of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) from hospitals throughout Brazil

Oliveira¹,

Faria²,

Levy³

et al. 2001

Braz J Infect Dis

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“…Furthermore the clones were largely disseminated in several areas of Brazil. The presence of a Brazilian endemic clone of MRSA (BEC) in many hospitals in South America and Europe has also been described (Sader, Pignatari, Hollis, Leme, & Jones, 1993;Pannuti & Grinbaum, 1995). The infections caused by MRSA are associated with considerable morbidity and mortality, being also one of the most expensive treatments in comparison to other infections.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Staphylococcus aureus resistance profile isolated from nursing students in an institution of higher education

Marino

Marcatto

Gushiken

et al. 2016

Acta Sci. Health Sci.

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Staphylococcus aureus causes a large variety of infections, where many of them are acquired in the hospital environment. A significant part of the population is a nasal carrier of this type of microorganism. The present study evaluated the nasal colonization by S. aureus, identifying its resistance profile in nursing students from a private educational institute of higher education. Nasal swab samples were collected and identified for S. aureus. Moreover, an antibiogram assay was performed, followed by the search for ermA and ermC genes using PCR. Sixty-two students were included and we isolated 20 positive samples (32,5%) for S. aureus. For the phenotypic profile, 30% were found to be resistant to Erythromycin and 10% to Oxacillin and Cefoxitin. For the D-test in the genotypic profile, 25% presented mecA gene (MRSA), 5% of ermA gene, 35% of ermC gene and 10% with ermC and mecA genes. These data reinforce the necessity of monitoring bacterial colonization in hospital environment, which are potentially resistant in health professionals.

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“…Most of the reports on prevalence and risk factors for acquisition of MRSA in Brazil are restricted to other regions and institutions of the country. A large number of papers have focused on the characterization of MRSA, its epidemiological pattern, and prevalence in different hospitals in other parts of the country [6,[9][10][11][12]. There are many pending questions on MRSA infections in Brazil, its importance as a nosocomial pathogen, impact on mortality, and the role of community-acquired infections caused by this pathogen.…”

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confidence: 99%

Temporal evolution of the prevalence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in a tertiary hospital in Bahia, Brazil: a nine-year evaluation study

Brites¹,

Silva²,

Sampaio-Sá³

2006

Braz J Infect Dis

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Infections caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) have become an increasing problem in Brazilian hospitals within the last years. In Bahia, there is scarce information on the epidemiological characteristics of MRSA infections and their determinants. The objective of this study was to evaluate the temporal evolution of MRSA infections in a private, tertiary hospital, in Salvador, the capital of the state of Bahia. We reviewed the microbiological records of bacterial isolates from the Hospital Espanhol, a 300 bed, general hospital, in Salvador. We analyzed the frequency of positive cultures for S. aureus during the last nine years, the prevalence of MRSA, and the spatial distribution of the isolates in the hospital. We also evaluated the temporal evolution of MRSA during the study period. Seven-hundred-ten cultures were positive for S. aureus from 1996 through 2004. The prevalence of MRSA was 28%. The intensive care unit (59%), the hemodyalisis unit (43%), and the infectious diseases unit (34%) presented with significantly higher prevalence of MRSA, when compared to the remaining clinics of the hospital. We detected a significant increase of MRSA isolation among patients with nosocomial infections, over time (P<0.0001). MRSA isolates were highly resistant to alternative drugs (clyndamicin, erythromycin, co-trimexazole, levofloxacin), reinforcing the likelihood of nosocomial acquisition of the pathogen. The overall prevalence of MRSA in the hospital has remained relatively stable within the last nine years, but there was a significant trend forincreasing nosocomial acquisition of MRSA over time, which is even higher for patients attended in intensive care units, HDU, or IDU.

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Oxacillin- and Quinolone-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus in Sao Paulo, Brazil: A Multicenter Molecular Epidemiology Study

Abstract: Our results suggest the dissemination of a unique oxacillin- and quinolone-resistant strain of S aureus in several hospitals of Sao Paulo, Brazil.

Cited by 19 publications

References 14 publications

Characterization of the Brazilian endemic clone of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) from hospitals throughout Brazil

Characterization of the Brazilian endemic clone of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) from hospitals throughout Brazil

<b>Evaluation of <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> resistance profile isolated from nursing students in an institution of higher education

Temporal evolution of the prevalence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in a tertiary hospital in Bahia, Brazil: a nine-year evaluation study

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