Ovulatory and endocrine responses after active immunization of gilts against a synthetic fragment of bovine inhibin

King, Barry F.; Britt, J.H.; Esbenshade, K. L.; Flowers, W. L.; Sesti, L. A. C.; Martin, Terry L.; Ireland, James J.

doi:10.2527/1993.714975x

Cited by 21 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Fecundin ® vaccination has been reported to increase ovulation rate and litter size in sheep and cattle with optimal results with antibody titers between 1:500 and 1:3000 (Reeves et al 1989). In swine, two reports have indicated that inhibin vaccination increased ovulation rate although the required threshold titers differed [B 0 = 5-7% at 1:800 dilution Brown et al 1990; B 0 = 9-22% at 1:4000 serum dilution (King et al 1993)].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has been reported to induce a 20% increase in lamb crop (Reeves et al 1989). Attempts to immunize against inhibin have increased the total number of lambs born (Wrathall et al 1992), increased twinning rate in cattle (Morris et al 1993) and increased ovulation rate in swine (Brown et al 1990;King et al 1993). To date, only one report has indicated that immunoneutralization of an endogenous hormone, somatostatin, can increase litter size in swine (Kirkwood et al 1990).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Vaccination against follistatin affects reproductive potential in cycling gilts

Christensen¹,

Redmond²,

Laarveld³

2000

Can. J. Anim. Sci.

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. 2000. Vaccination against follistatin affects reproductive potential in cycling gilts. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 80: 337-342. Primiparous sows (gilts) were actively vaccinated against follistatin in an attempt to modify litter size. Forty-seven gilts were vaccinated four times against a recombinant porcine follistatin (FS) or a sham vaccine (CTL) and were allowed to mature naturally prior to breeding. At breeding, FS antibody titers ranged from 0 to 1:6400 in the FS vaccinated gilts, and were not detectable in the CTL gilts. Overall, follistatin vaccination did not affect the total number of pigs born live (FS = 10.9 ± 0.5, CTL = 10.3 ± 0.4), stillborn (FS = 0.4 ± 0.1, CTL = 0.4 ± 0.2) or mummified (FS = 0.1 ± 0.1, CTL = 0.3 ± 0.1). However, separation of the FS vaccinated gilts into low (≤1:400, n = 16) and high (>1:400, n = 7) titer groups revealed significant differences in piglets born alive (FS high titer = 12.9 ± 0.9, FS low titer = 10.0 ± 0.5: P = 0.01) and total number of piglets born (FS high titer = 13.0 ± 0.8, FS low titer = 10.8 ± 0.6: P = 0.08). This study shows that vaccination of gilts against follistatin increased litter size in those gilts which achieved a high antibody titer to follistatin.Key words: Swine, follistatin, immunoneutralization, fecundity, litter size Christensen, C. R., Redmond, M. J. et Laarveld, B. 2000. Effets de la vaccination contre la follistatine sur la capacité de reproduction de cochettes pubères. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 80: 337-342. Dans l'espoir de modifier la taille de la portée, 47 cochettes primipares ont reçu à 4 reprises soit un vaccin de follistatine porcine recombinante (FS) ou un vaccin fictif (témoin), puis on les a laissé achever naturellement leur développement sexuel avant de les mettre à la reproduction. Lors de la mise à la reproduction, les titres d'anticorps FS allaient de 0 à 1:6400 chez les cochettes vaccinées mais ils n'étaient pas décelables chez les cochettes témoins. Dans l'ensemble, la vaccination contre la follistatine n'avait pas d'effet sur le nombre total de porcelets nés vivants (FS = 10,9 ± 0,5, témoins = 10,3 ± 0,4), morts-nés (FS = 0,4 ± 0,1, témoins = 0,4 ± 0,2) ou momifiés (FS = 0,1 ± 0,1, témoins = 0,3 ± 0,1). Néanmoins, la séparation des cochettes vaccinées selon le titre d'anticorps, bas (≤ 1:400, n = 16) et élevé (>1:400, n = 7) a mis en évidence des différences significatives quant au nombre de porcelets nés vivants (titre élevé: 12,9 ± 0,9, titre bas = 10,0 ± 0,5, P = 0,01) et au nombre total de porcelets nés (titre élevé 13,0 ± 0,8, titre bas 10,8 ± 0,6, P = 0,08). Nos recherches ont démontré que la vaccination des cochettes contre la follistatine accroît la taille de la portée chez les truies qui produisent un titre élevé d'anticorps contre la follistatine.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

Vaccination against follistatin affects reproductive potential in cycling gilts

Christensen¹,

Redmond²,

Laarveld³

2000

Can. J. Anim. Sci.

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“…In gilts, FSH administration induces follicular recruitment and increases the ovulation rate in a dose-dependent manner [32][33][34]. Active immunization against inhibin, which is produced by granulosa cells and inhibits FSH excretion, increased the number of ovulations [35,36]. The number of recruited follicles might depend on blood FSH levels and/or on the number of follicles responsive to FSH present at the time of recruitment.…”

Section: Follicular Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulation Mechanism of Selective Atresia in Porcine Follicles: Regulation of Granulosa Cell Apoptosis during Atresia

Manabe

Goto

Matsuda‐Minehata

et al. 2004

Journal of Reproduction and Development

187

139

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Abstract. More than 99% of follicles undergo a degenerative process known as "atresia", in mammalian ovaries, and only a few follicles ovulate during ovarian follicular development. We have investigated the molecular mechanism of selective follicular atresia in mammalian ovaries, and have reported that follicular selection dominantly depends on granulosa cell apoptosis. However, we have little knowledge of the molecular mechanisms that control apoptotic cell death in granulosa cells during follicle selection. To date, at least five cell death ligand-receptor systems [tumor necrosis factor (TNF)α and receptors, Fas (also called APO-1/CD95) ligand and receptors, TNF-related apoptosisinducing ligand (TRAIL; also called APO-2) and receptors, APO-3 ligand and receptors, and PFG-5 ligand and receptors] have been reported in granulosa cells of porcine ovaries. Some cell death ligand-receptor systems have "decoy" receptors, which act as inhibitors of cell death ligand-induced apoptosis in granulosa cells. Moreover, we showed that the porcine granulosa cell is a type II apoptotic cell, which has the mitochondrion-dependent apoptosis-signaling pathway. Briefly, the cell death receptor-mediated apoptosis signaling pathway in granulosa cells has been suggested to be as follows. (1) (7) Cytochrome c and ATP-dependent oligimerization of apoptotic protease-activating factor-1 (Apaf-1) allows recruitment of procaspase-9 into the apoptosome complex. Activation of procaspase-9 is mediated by means of a conformational change. (8) The activated caspase-9 cleaves downstream effector caspases (caspase-3). (9) Finally, apoptosis is induced. Recently, we found two intracellular inhibitor proteins [cellular FLICE-like inhibitory protein short form (cFLIPS) and long form (cFLIPL)], which were strongly expressed in granulosa cells, and they may act as anti-apoptotic/survival factors. Further in vivo and in vitro studies will elucidate the largely unknown molecular mechanisms, e. g.

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“…Experiments with FSH receptor (FSHR) knockout mice and hypophysectomized rodents have shown that FSH is essential for formation of the antrum in secondary follicles and postantral follicular development in tertiary follicles [42]. Active immunization against inhibin increased the number of ovulations in sows [43,44], and injection of inhibin into the ovarian bursa of immature rats increased the number of mediumsized antral follicles [45], indicating that inhibin acts to prevent follicular development. Although atresia can occur at any time during follicular development, the majority of follicles become atretic during the early antral stage of development [40].…”

Section: Regulation Of Follicular Development and Atresiamentioning

confidence: 99%

The Regulation of Ovarian Granulosa Cell Death by Pro- and Anti-apoptotic Molecules

et al. 2006

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Abstract. In the mammalian ovary, follicular development and atresia are closely regulated by cell death and survival-promoting factors, including hormones (gonadotropins) and intraovarian regulators (gonadal steroids, cytokines, and intracellular proteins). Several hundred thousand primordial follicles are present in the mammalian ovary; however, only a limited number of primordial follicles develop to the preovulatory stage and ovulate. The others, more than 99% of follicles, will be eliminated via a degenerative process known as "atresia". The endocrinological regulatory mechanisms involved in follicular development and atresia have been characterized to a large extent, but the precise temporal and molecular mechanisms involved in the regulation of these events have remained largely unknown. Recent studies suggest that the apoptosis of ovarian granulosa cells plays a major role in follicular atresia. In this review, we provide an overview of development and atresia of follicles, and apoptosis of granulosa cells in mammals. Key words: Anti-apoptotic factor, Apoptosis, Follicular atresia, Granulosa cell, Porcine ovary, Proapoptotic factor (J. Reprod. Dev. 52: [695][696][697][698][699][700][701][702][703][704][705] 2006) poptosis plays a significant role in almost all physiological functions in vertebrate and invertebrate species. It is a form of cell death essential for elimination of cells that are damaged, senescent, potentially harmful, or no longer useful [ 1 ] . T h e m a j o r f e a t u r e s o f a p o p t o s i s a r e internucleosomal DNA fragmentation, cell shrinkage, plasma membrane blebbing, and the formation of apoptotic bodies. Stimulation by death ligands or deprivation of key survivalpromoting growth factors is the main contributor to apoptosis, while stress inducers, including drugs, toxicants, oxidative stress, and radiation, are also known to cause apoptosis.Studies have revealed that apoptosis also plays a crucial role in maintaining the reproductive a p p a r a t u s . D u r i n g f o l l i c u l a r g r o w t h a n d development, more than 99% of follicles disappear, primarily due to apoptosis of granulosa cells [2][3][4][5] (Fig. 1). Both the biochemical and morphological characteristics of apoptosis have been observed in the granulosa cells of atretic follicles [6][7][8]. Apoptotic stimuli and intracellular signal transduction pathways involved in the apoptosis of granulosa cells remain to be determined, and investigators are studying potential triggers of apoptosis and how intracellular apoptotic signals are transmitted in granulosa cells.

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Ovulatory and endocrine responses after active immunization of gilts against a synthetic fragment of bovine inhibin

Cited by 21 publications

References 26 publications

Vaccination against follistatin affects reproductive potential in cycling gilts

Vaccination against follistatin affects reproductive potential in cycling gilts

Regulation Mechanism of Selective Atresia in Porcine Follicles: Regulation of Granulosa Cell Apoptosis during Atresia

The Regulation of Ovarian Granulosa Cell Death by Pro- and Anti-apoptotic Molecules

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