Oviposition behavior of the cabbage root fly,Delia radicum (L.), influenced by host plant extracts

Städler, Erich; Schöni, Reto

doi:10.1007/bf01417912

Cited by 53 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…The feeding preference bioassays performed by Shroff et al (2008) using Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae) larvae demonstrated that the outer edge of the leaf is more effectively defended than the inner tissue. This observation is related to earlier analysis of the oviposition behaviour of the cabbage root flies by Zohren (1968) and Städler and Schöni (1990). After landing on the host plants, the females were observed to follow the leaf edges and veins when stimulated to lay eggs in the soil near the plant stem.…”

Section: Chemical Analysis Of the Surface Extractsmentioning

confidence: 84%

Glucosinolates on the leaf surface perceived by insect herbivores: review of ambiguous results and new investigations

Städler

Reifenrath

2008

Phytochem Rev

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Herbivorous insects identify their host plants either by structural features, chemical cues, or a combination. Some insects probe the host leaf prior feeding or oviposition, other species use olfactorial cues or compounds somewhere on the surface. Insects attacking Brassicaceae are no exception, some are attracted and stimulated by volatile isothiocyanates (ITC), many others depend fully on the non-volatile glucosinolates (GS) for host-plant recognition and acceptance. Since most insects have no access to the leaf interior investigators concluded that GS must be present on the leaf surface and ITC in the headspace. However, peelings of mechanically removed surface waxes were devoid of measurable amounts of GS, whereas solvent surface extractions revealed a correlation between stomatal conditions and GS concentrations. Both observations lead to the conclusion that the presence of GS on the top leaf surface is rather unlikely. In the experimental part we show that a chloroform/methanol/water (2:1:1 vol/ vol/vol) solvent leaf extract contains GS and, in addition, thia-triaza-fluorenes (TTF), other oviposition stimulants of the cabbage root fly, Delia radicum. Electrophysiological investigations showed that both, GS and TTF stimulated specific receptor neurones of the fly. We suggest that these compounds probably originated from deeper leaf layers and that herbivorous insects may penetrate the wax layer and perceive the stimulating compounds in deeper layers or through the stomata.

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Section: Chemical Analysis Of the Surface Extractsmentioning

confidence: 84%

Glucosinolates on the leaf surface perceived by insect herbivores: review of ambiguous results and new investigations

Städler

Reifenrath

2008

Phytochem Rev

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“…D. radicum detects the crucifer plants first visually and also by olfaction at close range (Städler 1978;Nottingham 1988;Tuttle 1988;). This species is mainly dependent on specific non-volatile compounds on the surface of the host plants, like the glucosinolates and the highly stimulating thia-triaza fluorine compounds (CIF) (Städler & Schöni 1990;Roessingh et al 1997;Hurter et al 1999;De Jong et al 2000). Thus the two species respond to different type of ovipositional cues.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Host-plant leaf surface compounds influencing oviposition in Delia antiqua

2005

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Delia antiqua (Diptera: Anthomyiidae) females lay eggs between the leaves of onion plants or in the soil around the base of the plants, then the maggots feed on the onion bulb and roots causing rapid secondary infection by fungi and bacteria. It is well known that the first sensory modality used by the onion fly is vision, therefore the shape (vertical narrow cylinders) and colour (yellow) of the plant play a crucial role in the recognition of a potential hostplant. In the past it has been shown that n-dipropyl disulfide (Pr 2 S 2 ), a typical component of onion volatiles, is an important chemical host plant cue. We extracted host leaf surface to verify if Pr 2 S 2 is the major chemical oviposition stimulant and to determine if other as yet unknown substances may play a role in host-plant selection. We confirmed that the females laid more eggs around onion plants with leaves than when only the onion bulb was present and that the odour of chopped onion stimulates oviposition. Extraction of the surface of onion leaves revealed that only the apolar fraction contained substances that stimulate egg-laying in D. antiqua. GC-EAD analysis indicated that a minor constituent, Pr 2 S 2 , is perceived by the olfactory receptor on the antennae of the onion fly females. This confirmed the importance of Pr 2 S 2 as oviposition stimulant. Contact with the polar fraction did not stimulate egg-laying behaviour in this Delia species. We discuss the oviposition strategy of D. antiqua in comparison with its closely related species, D. radicum, in which the oviposition behaviour is stimulated mainly through contact with the cabbage leaf surface and only partially by the host volatiles.

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“…Female flies display a striking behaviour before descending onto the sand substrate. They ''circle'' around the stem base (Zohren 1968;Städler & Schö ni 1990), a behaviour reminiscent of that shown by fruit fly females when they are sampling fruit for the presence of a marking pheromone. Prokopy (1981) found preliminary evidence suggesting that in the apple maggot fly, Rhagoletis pomonella, the degree of deterrence depends on the relative frequencies with which a female crosses a trail of marking pheromone and encounters unmarked areas of the fruit surface.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, Zohren (1968) also noted an aggregated oviposition in cabbage root flies that is independent of these factors. Cabbage root fly females display in connection with oviposition characteristic behaviour that involves ovipositor dragging on the stem of the host plant (Städler & Schö ni 1990). Although this behaviour suggests that they mark the plant the existence of a marking pheromone in this species has never been reported.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Complex host marking in the cabbage root fly

Jong¹,

Städler²

2001

Chemoecology

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The cabbage root fly marks an oviposition site with two different chemical messages. Plants that were exposed to ovipositing flies are less acceptable than control plants, while sand particles that were closely associated with an actual oviposition site stimulate oviposition. By combining the information from these opposing messages, the cabbage root fly may be able to optimise the size of its egg clusters in relation to the food available for the larvae. The findings might account for the aggregated oviposition observed in this species.

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Oviposition behavior of the cabbage root fly,Delia radicum (L.), influenced by host plant extracts

Cited by 53 publications

References 16 publications

Glucosinolates on the leaf surface perceived by insect herbivores: review of ambiguous results and new investigations

Glucosinolates on the leaf surface perceived by insect herbivores: review of ambiguous results and new investigations

Host-plant leaf surface compounds influencing oviposition in Delia antiqua

Complex host marking in the cabbage root fly

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