Ovine ill-thrift in Nova Scotia:I. The possible regulation of the rumen flora in sheep by the fungal flora of permanent pasture

Brewer, D.; Calder, F. W.; MacIntyre, T. M.; Taylor, A.

doi:10.1017/s002185960006946x

Cited by 34 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 23 publications

(16 reference statements)

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“…To test these isolates for dietary toxicity, molded corn was fed to rats, and 83% of these Chaetomium species elicited 100% mortality within 7 days. Chaetomium species may also pay a role in ovine growth inhibition in Nova Scotia (Brewer et al, 1971). Hanlin (1973) reported the isolation of various Chaetomium species, including both C. trilaterale and C. aureum, from peanuts in the southeastern United States.…”

Section: Chaetomiummentioning

confidence: 99%

Avian Gout Caused by Oosporein, a Mycotoxin Produced by Chaetomium trilaterale

Pegram

Wyatt

1981

Poultry Science

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In a series of four experiments, diets containing oosporein at graded concentrations from 0 to 600 microgram/g were fed to male broiler chicks from hatching to 3 weeks of age. At dietary toxin levels of 100 microgram/g and below, no detrimental effects were observed. Dietary oosporein concentrations of 200 microgram/g and above elicited dose-related mortality resulting from severe visceral and articular gout. Three-week cumulative mortality percentages were 0, 13, 30, 57, and 95% for the 0, 200, 300, 400, and 600 microgram/g levels, respectively. Upon necropsy, the prominent lesions observed were massive urate deposits in various tissues, swollen and pale kidneys, dehydration, proventricular enlargement with mucosal necrosis, and a green discoloration of the gizzard lining. The effects on the proventriculus and gizzard occurred at doses as low as 200 microgram/g and were the most sensitive indicators of oosporein-toxicosis. In addition to the proventriculus, the relative weights of the kidney and liver were significantly increased in a dose-related fashion. A significant reduction in 3-week body weight at 400 microgram/g apparently resulted from the lower feed consumption concomitantly observed at this level of dietary toxin. Oosporein also caused an increase in water consumption at 400 and 600 microgram/g. Blood analyses indicated no toxin-related effect on plasma glucose, plasma protein, packed red blood cell volume, hemoglobin, and prothrombin times. The plasma concentration of uric acid was significantly elevated at 400 microgram/g. These data and mechanistic considerations suggest that oosporein should be classified as a nephrotoxin in the broiler chicken.

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Section: Chaetomiummentioning

confidence: 99%

Avian Gout Caused by Oosporein, a Mycotoxin Produced by Chaetomium trilaterale

Pegram

Wyatt

1981

Poultry Science

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“…'Accession number to the culture collection maintained at the Atlantic Regional Laboratory. solnni, HLX 1333; Trichodernm viride, HLX 1183; and Zygorlyrrclr~is nioelleri, HLX 1300 were isolated from soil samples collected from the permanent pasture P2 at the Agriculture Canada Experimental Farm at Nappan, Nova Scotia (4). Frrsnrilrm pone, HLX 312, was isolated from wheat seed in England.…”

Section: Orgonis~nsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect on fungal growth of some 2,5-dihydroxy-1,4-benzoquinones

Brewer¹,

Maass²,

Taylor³

1977

Can. J. Microbiol.

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It has been shown that 2,5-dihydroxy-1,4-benzoquinones decrease vegetative growth and inhibit spore germination of 12 species of fungi belonging to six diverse genera. The nature of are substituents at the 3 and 6 positions of the quinone ring also affected their growth-inhibitory properties; generally those substituents of lower polarity inhibited growth at lower concentrations. As in the case of cochiliodinol, chemical modification of the quinone group, or the hydroxyl groups of the quinone ring, in compounds of the polyporic acid series, also led to loss of biological activity.

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“…During the experimental period they grazed the plots P2 described in a previous paper (2). Unless stated otherwise, the animals were removed from pasture and starved for 24 h before rumen samples were collected.…”

Section: Animalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Water was available ad libitum. Rumen fluid for use as inoculum was collected by means of an oesophageal tube as previously described (2).…”

Section: Animalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gas metabolism in ovine rumen cultures on a nitrogen-deficient medium

Jones¹,

Taylor²

1975

Can. J. Microbiol.

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Inocula of rumen fluid from sheep were grown on a medium of low nitrogen content under an oxygen-free atmosphere containing N2. The cultures produced methane and carbon dioxide. Hydrogen gas was utilized and the partial pressure of N2 decreased by 24% in 48 h. Assuming this N2 to have been reduced to metabolically available nitrogenous compounds, these account for about 0.2% of the sheep's daily need.

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Ovine ill-thrift in Nova Scotia:I. The possible regulation of the rumen flora in sheep by the fungal flora of permanent pasture

Cited by 34 publications

References 23 publications

Avian Gout Caused by Oosporein, a Mycotoxin Produced by Chaetomium trilaterale

Avian Gout Caused by Oosporein, a Mycotoxin Produced by Chaetomium trilaterale

The effect on fungal growth of some 2,5-dihydroxy-1,4-benzoquinones

Gas metabolism in ovine rumen cultures on a nitrogen-deficient medium

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