Ovine gammaherpesvirus 2 infections in cattle without typical manifestations of sheep-associated malignant catarrhal fever and concomitantly infected with bovine coronavirus

Association of ovine gammaherpesvirus 2 with an outbreak of acute respiratory disease in dairy cattle

“…Therefore, these infectious studies have confirmed that initial replication of OvGHV2 can occur within the lungs 42,45,46 , and provide a plausible explanation for the severe pneumonia identified in the 2-day-old calf during this study. Consequently, the documented experimental [41][42][43][44][45][46] , and natural 32,34,35,37 infectious of OvGHV2 associated pulmonary diseases, as well as the results herein described, corroborate with the hypothesis that OvGHV2 should be considered as a potential pathogenic agent of BRD 2 .…”

“…Although the infection was acute in the calf that died with histological evidence of pulmonary lesions, the cow demonstrated the classical manifestations of chronic OvGHV2-related infection due to the PVL identified. Similar arterial lesions were identified in cattle 7,32,49,50 , sheep 37 , and bison 40,51 infected with OvGHV2. The PVLs identified in this cow can be classified as Grade 3 arterial lesions associated with infection by OvGHV2, being part of the spectrum of arterial disruptions identified in affected animals 40 .…”

“…During this study, two asymptomatic calves were infected by OvGHV2. Previous studies have shown that OvGHV2 can infect animals without the demonstration of the typical clinical manifestations of SA-MCF 7,9,32,40,52,53 , suggesting that infections associated with this virus can be subclinical 9,32 and/or asymptomatic 32 , as occurred in these two animals. Additionally, a retrospective study demonstrated that 42.3% (11/26) of animals infected with OvGHV2 did not have typical clinical signs of SA-MCF 53 .…”

“…Vol:. ( 1234567890 We had previously identified OvGHV2 in association with BRD 34 and pulmonary disease in cattle 32,33,35 , and in one sheep 37 with histopathologic evidence of infection but without clinical manifestations of pulmonary disease. Furthermore, in a previous retrospective study of BRD done in Brazil, a MCFV, more likely OvGHV2, was the only pathogen detected in 6.7% (8/120) of cattle with a histological diagnosis of BRD and was the most frequently identified pathogen (53.3%; 64/120) that occurred concomitantly with other common disease agents of pulmonary diseases of cattle, which prompted the theory that this virus may be an adventitious bystander of BRD 2,34 .…”

Isolation and characterization ofOvine gammaherpesvirus type 2from an outbreak of Malignant Catarrhal Fever inArtiodactylaand horses in Mexico

“…Importantly, we observed intracytoplasmic immunoreactivity through IF and IP in the primary cell cultures; these results agree with those reported byHeadley et al (2022), who identified intracytoplasmic immunoreactivity in multiple tissues affected by OvHV-2 using a monoclonal antibody (mAb-15A) targeted at a conserved epitope among all Macaviruses(36). Finally, OvHV-2 was identified in the primary cell cultures through endpoint nested PCR targeting a 238 bp fragment of the ORF75 gene, with a greater intensity starting in the third and fourth passages in all isolates from the different affected species.…”