Ovine Fetal Immune Response to Cache Valley Virus Infection

Hoffmann, Aline Rodrigues; Dorniak, Piotr L.; Filant, Justyna; Dunlap, Kathrin A.; Bazer, Fuller W.; Concha-Bermejillo, A. de la; Welsh, C. Jane; Varner, Patricia; Edwards, John F.

doi:10.1128/jvi.01821-12

Cited by 25 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…MX1 has also been shown to have antiviral activity against a number of different RNA viruses such influenza and bunyaviruses [ 20 ]. MX1 is significantly upregulated in foetuses infected with CVV and it has been proposed to be involved in the clearance of the virus [ 21 ]. During LACV infection MX1 can bind to the nucleocapsid and inhibit viral replication [ 22 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…During LACV infection MX1 can bind to the nucleocapsid and inhibit viral replication [ 22 ]. Also, ISG15 is upregulated during foetal infection with CVV [ 21 ]. The OAS proteins performs their antiviral activity through the activation of RNAseL which leads to degradation of cellular and viral RNA [ 23 ] and OAS1, but not OAS2, is reported to contribute to a slight inhibition of BUNV and BUNVdelNSs viruses [ 19 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Transcriptome analysis reveals the host response to Schmallenberg virus in bovine cells and antagonistic effects of the NSs protein

Blomström

Barry

et al. 2015

BMC Genomics

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BackgroundSchmallenberg virus (SBV) is a member of the Orthobunyavirus genus (Bunyaviridae family) causing malformations and abortions in ruminants. Although, as for other members of this family/genus, the non-structural protein NSs has been shown to be an interferon antagonist, very little is known regarding the overall inhibitory effects and targets of orthobunyavirus NSs proteins on host gene expression during infection. Therefore, using RNA-seq this study describes changes to the transcriptome of primary bovine cells following infection with Schmallenberg virus (SBV) or with a mutant lacking the non-structural protein NSs (SBVdelNSs) providing a detailed comparison of the effect of NSs expression on the host cell.ResultsThe sequence reads from all samples (uninfected cells, SBV and SBVdelNSs) assembled well to the bovine host reference genome (on average 87.43% of the reads). During infection with SBVdelNSs, 649 genes were differentially expressed compared to uninfected cells (78.7% upregulated) and many of these were known antiviral and IFN-stimulated genes. On the other hand, only nine genes were differentially expressed in SBV infected cells compared to uninfected control cells, demonstrating the strong inhibitory effect of NSs on cellular gene expression. However, the majority of the genes that were expressed during SBV infection are involved in restriction of viral replication and spread indicating that SBV does not completely manage to shutdown the host antiviral response.ConclusionsIn this study we show the effects of SBV NSs on the transcriptome of infected cells as well as the cellular response to wild type SBV. Although NSs is very efficient in shutting down genes of the host innate response, a number of possible antiviral factors were identified. Thus the data from this study can serve as a base for more detailed mechanistic studies of SBV and other orthobunyaviruses.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcriptome analysis reveals the host response to Schmallenberg virus in bovine cells and antagonistic effects of the NSs protein

Blomström

Barry

et al. 2015

BMC Genomics

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“…Several strains cause diseases in domestic animals and are of veterinary concern. Infection can produce teratogenic effects, especially in ruminants (RODRIGUES HOFFMANN et al, 2013), and diseases of the CNS and abortions in horses (TAURO et al, 2015).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular survey of flaviviruses and orthobunyaviruses in Amblyomma spp. ticks collected in Minas Gerais, Brazil

Binder

Tauro

Farías

et al. 2019

Rev. Bras. Parasitol. Vet.

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Due to anthropic environmental changes, vector-borne diseases are emerging worldwide. Ticks are known vectors of several pathogens of concern among humans and animals. In recent decades, several examples of tick-borne emerging viral diseases have been reported (Crimean Congo hemorrhagic fever virus, Powassan virus, encephalitis virus, heartland virus, severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus). Unfortunately, few studies addressing the presence of viruses in wild ticks have been carried out in South America. With the aim of detecting flaviviruses and orthobunyaviruses in ticks, we carried out molecular detection in wild ticks collected in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. No Flavivirus-positive ticks were detected; however, we detected activity of Orthobunyavirus in 8 Amblyomma tick specimens. One of those individuals was positive for Bunyamwera orthobunyavirus, which represents the first report of this virus among ticks in South America. Further studies related to the ecology of zoonotic diseases are needed to increase knowledge of this topic, including attempts at viral isolation, full genome sequencing and biological characterization. In this way, we will obtain a better picture of the real risk of ticks as a vector for viral diseases for humans and animals on our continent, where no tick-borne viral disease is known to occur.

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“…Symptomatic infections are more often reported in children, and immunocomprised patients may progress to severe encephalitis ( 12 ). In domestic animals, especially ruminants, infection leads to severe symptoms, such as spontaneous abortion and teratogenic effects ( 14 ). In 2013, BUNV was isolated for the first time in horses in Argentina after two horses developed neurological signs and died ( 2 ).…”

Section: Associated Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bunyamwera virus, BATV, and NRIV are etiological agents of diseases in humans and domestic animals. The disease associated with BUNV has been reported to cause mild symptoms, such as fever, joint pain, and rash in many mammals, including humans ( 2 , 12 – 14 ). BATV causes a mild flu-like illness in humans, is associated with a more severe disease in ruminants where it is manifested by abortions, premature births, and genetic defects ( 12 , 15 , 16 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Bunyamwera, Batai, and Ngari Viruses: Understudied Orthobunyaviruses With Potential One Health Implications

Dutuze

Nzayirambaho

et al. 2018

Front. Vet. Sci.

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Bunyamwera (BUNV), Batai (BATV), and Ngari (NRIV) are mosquito-borne viruses of the Bunyamwera serogroup in the Orthobunyavirus genus of the Bunyaviridae family. These three viruses have been found to cause disease in both livestock animals, avian species, and humans. Thus, these viruses pose a potential threat to human public health, animal health, and food security. This is especially the case in the developing nations, where BUNV and NRIV are found, mainly in Africa. BUNV and BATV are fairly well characterized, while NRIV is not well characterized owing to only sporadic detection in human and animal populations in Africa. Reassortment is common among bunyaviruses, but NRIV is believed to be the only natural reassortant of the Bunyamwera serogroup. It resulted from a combination of BUNV S and L segments and the BATV M segment. This indicates at least some level co-circulation of BUNV and BATV, which have no historically been reported to overlap in geographic distributions. But as these viruses are undercharacterized, there remains a gap in the understanding of how such reassortment could occur, and the consequences of such. Due to their combined wide range of hosts and vectors, geographic distributions, potential severity of associated diseases, and potential for transmissibility between vertebrate hosts, these viruses represent a significant gap in knowledge with important One Health implications. The goal of this review is to report available knowledge of and identify potential future directions for study of these viruses. As these are collectively understudied viruses, there is a relative paucity of data; however, we use available studies to discuss different perspectives in an effort to promote a better understanding of these three viruses and the public and One Health threat(s) they may pose.

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Ovine Fetal Immune Response to Cache Valley Virus Infection

Cited by 25 publications

References 37 publications

Transcriptome analysis reveals the host response to Schmallenberg virus in bovine cells and antagonistic effects of the NSs protein

Transcriptome analysis reveals the host response to Schmallenberg virus in bovine cells and antagonistic effects of the NSs protein

Molecular survey of flaviviruses and orthobunyaviruses in Amblyomma spp. ticks collected in Minas Gerais, Brazil

A Review of Bunyamwera, Batai, and Ngari Viruses: Understudied Orthobunyaviruses With Potential One Health Implications

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